Phytochemical content, antioxidant activity, and enzyme inhibition effect of Salvia eriophora Boiss. & Kotschy against acetylcholinesterase, alpha-amylase, butyrylcholinesterase, and alpha-glycosidase enzymes

Abstract

Many taxa of Salvia genus have been used in herbal beverages, food flavoring, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industry. In this paper, chemical compounds of Salvia eriophora (S. eriophora) leaves were determined by LC-MS/MS (Liquid Chromatography tandem Mass Spectrometry). Salvigenin (158.64 +/- 10.8 mg/kg), fumaric acid (123.09 +/- 8.54 mg/kg), and quercetagetin-3.6-dimethylether (37.85 +/- 7.09 mg/kg) were detected as major compounds in the ethanol extract, whereas fumaric acid (555.96 +/- 38.56 mg/kg), caffeic acid (103.62 +/- 20.51 mg/kg), and epicatechin (83.19 +/- 8.43 mg/kg) were detected as major compounds in the water extract. Furthermore, enzyme inhibition of S. eriophora against acetylcholinesterase (AChE), alpha-amylase (AM), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and alpha-glycosidase (AG) enzymes were detected. AChE, BChE, AG, and AM enzymes were very strongly inhibited by S. eriophora water extract (WES) and S. eriophora methanol extract (MES). Additionally, antioxidant potential of S. eriophora was determined by in vitro analytical methods. IC50 values of WES and MES were performed for radicals.