Publication: The use of a liner under different bulk-fill resin composites: 3D GAP formation analysis by x-ray micro-computed tomography
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OĞLAKÇI, BURCU
Kazak, Magrur
DÖNMEZ, NAZMİYE
Dalkilic, Evrim
KÖYMEN, SAFİYE SELİN
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Abstract
Gap formation of composite resin restorations is a serious shortcoming in
clinical practice. Polymerization shrinkage stress exceeds the tooth-restoration
bond strength, and it causes bacterial infiltration within gaps between cavity
walls and the restorative material. Thus, an intermediate liner application
with a low elastic modulus has been advised to minimize polymerization
shrinkage as well as gap formation. Objective: The purpose of this in vitro
study was to assess gap formation volume in premolars restored with
different bulk-fill composites, with and without a resin-modified glass-ionomer
cement (RMGIC) liner, using x-ray micro-computed tomography (micro-CT).
Methodology: Sixty extracted human maxillary premolars were divided into
six groups according to bucco-palatal dimensions (n=10). Standardized Class
II mesio-occluso-distal cavities were prepared. G-Premio Bond (GC Corp.,
Japan) was applied in the selective-etch mode. Teeth were restored with
high-viscosity (Filtek Bulk Fill, 3M ESPE, USA)-FB, sonic-activated (SonicFill
2, Kerr, USA)-SF and low viscosity (Estelite Bulk Fill Flow, Tokuyama, Japan)-
EB bulk-fill composites, with and without a liner (Ionoseal, Voco GmbH,
Germany)-L. The specimens were subjected to 10,000 thermocycles (5-55oC)
and 50,000 simulated chewing cycles (100 N). Gap formation based on the
volume of black spaces at the tooth-restoration interface was quantified in
mm3 using micro-computed tomography (SkyScan, Belgium), and analyses
were performed. Data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and
the Bonferroni correction test (p < 0.05). Results: The gap volume of all
tested bulk-fill composites demonstrated that Group SF (1.581±0.773) had
significantly higher values than Group EB (0.717±0.679). Regarding the
use of a liner, a significant reduction in gap formation volume was observed
only in Group SFL (0.927±0.630) compared with Group SF (1.581±0.773).
Conclusion: It can be concluded that different types of bulk-fill composite
resins affected gap formation volume. Low-viscosity bulk-fill composites
exhibited better adaptation to cavity walls and less gap formation than did
sonic-activated bulk-fill composites. The use of an RMGIC liner produced a
significant reduction in gap formation volume for sonic-activated bulk-fill
composites.
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OĞLAKÇI B., Kazak M., DÖNMEZ N., Dalkilic E., KÖYMEN S. S. , -The use of a liner under different bulk-fill resin composites: 3D GAP formation analysis by x-ray micro-computed tomography-, Journal of Applied Oral Science, cilt.28, 2020