A comparison of renal vascular control techniques during laparoscopic nephrectomy

Abstract

Background: We compared outcomes of en bloc stapler ligation of the renal hilum with separate Hem-o-lok polymer clip ligation of the renal vessels during laparoscopic nephrectomy (LN). Materials and Methods: Clinical data of patients who underwent LN for renal surgery from January 2009 to December 2015 were collected. Operation time, estimated blood loss, device malfunction rate, open conversion rate, complications and arteriovenous fistula (AVF) formation were evaluated. Results: En bloc stapler ligation and separate clip ligation were performed in 64 and 66 patients, respectively. The mean operative time was 106.8 +/- 20.8 min (range: 70-165) in the en bloc stapler ligation group compared with 112.5 +/- 24.1 min (range: 70-180) in the separate clip ligation group (P = 0.147). The mean estimated blood loss was 141.4 +/- 124.1 ml (range: 25-600) in the en bloc stapler ligation group compared with 147.6 +/- 112.4 ml (range: 25-450) in the separate clip ligation group (P = 0.767). The open conversion was required in 7/64 (10.9%) and 2/66 (3.0%) patients in the en bloc stapler ligation and separate clip ligation groups, respectively (P = 0.093). Stapler device malfunction occurred in 6 patients (9.3%). There were no statistically significant differences in overall complications (P = 0.726), minor (Grade 1-2) complications (P = 0.698) and major (Grade 3-5) complications (P = 0.716). No patient was diagnosed with AVF formation during overall median 33-month (interquartile range: 30, range: 24-96) follow-up. Conclusions: En bloc stapler ligation of the renal hilum during nephrectomy is an effective and safe technique. Although there is no reported AVF formation with en bloc stapler ligation of the renal hilum, longer follow-up is necessary.