Goal: 16 - Barış, Adalet ve Güçlü Kurumlar
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Barış, Adalet ve Güçlü Kurumlar
Sürdürülebilir kalkınma için barışçıl ve kapsayıcı toplumlar tesis etmek, herkes için adalete erişimi sağlamak ve her düzeyde etkili, hesap verebilir ve kapsayıcı kurumlar oluşturmak.
Barış, istikrar, insan hakları ve hukukun üstünlüğüne dayalı etkin yönetim olmadan, sürdürülebilir kalkınma olmasını bekleyemeyiz. Gittikçe artan ölçüde bölünmüş bir dünyada yaşıyoruz. Bazı bölgelerde barış, güvenlik ve refah sürekli iken, diğer bazı bölgelerde ise bitmek bilmeyen çatışma ve şiddet sarmalı var. Ancak bu, hiçbir şekilde kaçınılmaz sonuç değildir ve mutlaka çözümlenmelidir.
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Publication Metadata only Tıp Fakültesi Son Sınıf Öğrencilerin Tıpta Uzmanlık Sınavında Tercihlerini Etkileyen Faktörler ve Acil Tıp Uzmanlığı Dalı Hakkında Tutumları(2021-03-01T00:00:00Z) Göksu, Muhammet Mert; Taşlıdere, Bahadır; TAŞLIDERE, BAHADIRAim: It is important to investigate the factors affecting the choice of the specialty area of medical students. Determining the factors that affect this selection reveals the priorities that students take into account. It is important to investigate the prejudices about not choosing emergency medicine and some surgical branches which are in a strategic position. Solution-oriented strategies should be developed in this regard. Material and Methods: This study includes 86 of the final year students of the Faculty of Medicine. The participation rate in the survey was 80.4% and all participants- approvals were received. The questionnaire developed by the researchers was used as a data collection tool in the study. The survey consisted of 40 questions. 10 of the questions were for socio-demographic information, 30 of them included the reasons for choosing the medical school, the reasons for taking the specialty examination in medicine, the desired and unwanted specialties. 27 of these were Likert type questions. Results: 46 of the participants were female (53.3%), 40 of them were male (46.5%). Among our students, it is seen that the main reason for choosing Medical Faculty is -willingness to help people- (75.6%) and -a promising profession- (69.8%). In addition, the family influence in this preference was found to be 55.8%. Our question -Would you consider Emergency Medicine Specialist as your first choice?- Was answered negatively at a rate of 72%. The most preferred reason for those who think to choose; were the advantages of working on a seizure in emergency medicine. The biggest negative thought about emergency medicine has been its physical and psychological severity, the high number of seizures, and the fear of being exposed to violence. Dermatology and cardiology were the most desired departments among the specialty branches, while gynecology and obstetrics, General surgery, and pediatry were among the undesirable departments. Conclusion: The biggest obstacle to emergency medicine choices was the exhausting seizures and the fear of exposure to violence. The future plans of the final year students of the Faculty of Medicine do not only concern themselves but also the future of the departments that are not preferred. It is necessary to determine the factors that affect the surgical branches and emergency medicine preferences of the students. In this way, studies should be carried out for factors that are perceived negatively and important strategic expertise branches for our future should be supported. Keywords: Emergency Medicine, Medical Students, Specialization ExamPublication Metadata only ANALYSIS OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN NURSING STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF THEIR PROFESSION AND THEIR ATTITUDES TOWARDS THEIR PROFESSION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC(2021-10-11T00:00:00Z) Meşedüzü, Merve; Ayaz, Selin; Onar, Melike; Şeker, Simge; Tellioğlu, Hilal; BAYRAKTAR, SEMAABSTRACT Introduction: It is known that nursing education, attitudes towards the profession are questioned and perceptions and attitudes of the nursing profession are evaluated. It may also have an impact on the Covid-19 pandemic. Purpose: It aimed to analysis of the relationship between nursing students- perceptions of their profession and their attitudes towards their profession during the Covid-19 pandemic. Method: The study, which was conducted as a descriptive, cross-sectional and relationship-seeking study, was applied to a total of 191 students in February 2021 through the survey form of BVU Nursing Department students. In the study, Sociodemographic Characteristics Data Form, Questionnaire Form for students- opinions about the nursing profession during the COVID-19 pandemic period and Attitude towards Nursing Profession Scale (HMYTÖ). These are HMÖ*, HMTED**, HMGD***. Statistical significance was calculated by using the p<0.05 value in the SPSS 22 program. Results: 58.1% are targeted to work in the field due to the Covid-19 pandemic process, and 41.9% are working in this field. Changing the mind at the point of designing the movement of Covid-19 is to change the dream of 11.5% of those who think and 88.5% of those who change the direction of thought. Here is one, it is significantly higher in terms of HMI (p=0.028) and HMGD (p=0.028) points compared to those who received it. Those who think that those who are in the Covid-19 pandemic process do not get the real value, HMGD average score is 042, compared to those who are thought to be entitled (p=0. HMYTÖ is significant compared to those who are self-sacrificing and self-sacrificing because of Covid 19 pandemics (p=0.042). Covid-19 pandemic Those who think that it does not have a negative effect on the nurse-s image, the HMGD is different on average compared to those who are considered in terms of score (p=0.031). Covid-19, regarding directing the gaze of the people who are directed according to the referrals, and the rotation of the changed people compared to the referrals, the HMGD scores are significantly higher than those who change the referral (p= 0.018) HMTED scores were small (p=0.018) Conclusion and suggestions: Although the students thought that nurses could not get the value they deserved even though they worked devotedly, it was revealed that their general attitudes towards their profession were positive. However, this situation has negatively affected their views on practicing the profession in the future and their outlook on the future. In addition, it has been revealed that nursing students- understanding of the importance of their profession in the Covid-19 period and realizing thesatisfying aspects of the profession affect their attitudes towards the profession positively, as well as they think that it also affects the image of the profession in a positive way. In this process, it was seen that the attitudes of the students working in any job were positive towards the profession. As a result, it is thought that for the positive development of nursing students- attitudes towards the profession, nurses should improve their working conditions and see the value they deserve in crisis situations. Keywords: Covid-19, attitude, nursing student, nursing professionPublication Metadata only Patient satisfaction in outpatient medical care: the case of Iraq(2020-08-01T00:00:00Z) Al-Ezzi, Saad Ahmed Ali; AL-EZZI, SAAD AHMED ALİBackground:Healthcare providers are increasingly interested in patient satisfaction as an indicator to assess the quality of health services. This study investigates the level of satisfaction among Iraqi patients attending the outpatient (OP) clinic.Methods:This was a cross-sectional study conducted from October to December 2019 among outpatient attendees in two busiestcenters in Iraq. A convenience sample of 235 (response rate of 88.0%) completed the self-administered short-form patient satisfaction questionnaire (PSQ-18). The independent variables included socio-demographic, economic, and self-perceived health status. Data were analyzed in SPSS, where descriptive analysis (mean ± standard deviation) and univariate (independent sample t-test, ANOVA test) and multivariate linear regression -Enter technique- was done at 0.05 level of significance and 95% confidence interval.Results: The mean age of respondents was 39.3 (±14.8). The sample was mostly women (55.3%), and 37.4% in the age group of 30-49 years. More than half of participants residing in the urban regions (54.5%) from families of monthly household income less than 500,000 Iraq Dinars (USD 400). However, the majority (70.6%) have the first visit to the OP clinic, and 53.6% self-perceived health as good or very good. Results of multiple linear regression showed that patients residents in rural regions (B= 5.4 ,P<0.001), married (B= 4.8,P<0.001), unemployed (B= 4.7,P<0.001) and low educated (B= 1.5,P<0.051) exhibited higher service satisfaction score compared to urban residents, single, employed and high educated participants respectively. However, patients aged fifty years and more (B= -2.1,P<0.001) and those with poor health (B=-2.5,P<0.001) exhibited lower service satisfaction scores compared to young age patients and the healthy participants, respectively.Conclusion:The high demand for the use of health resources in metropolitan cities by the rural population indicates inequality in the distribution of health services and an increase in the rural-to-urban displacement.Publication Metadata only The Importance of Postpartum Kleihauer-Betke Test in Low Risk Rh-Incompatible Pregnant Population(2021-04-01T00:00:00Z) Bilgili, Ümmühan Zeynep; Gül, Ayşe Zehra; Kütük, Mehmet Serdar; GÜL, AYŞE ZEHRA; KÜTÜK, MEHMET SERDARIntroduction: Prevalence of Rh disease is estimated to be 276 per 100,000 live births, which is significant considering its relationship with conditions like fetal anemia, hydrops fetalis, fetal death and recurrent fetal demises in future pregnancies. In order to prevent these, anti-D immunoglobulin should be given after inciting events, in a dose sufficient. In Turkey and some other countries, anti-D dose is given on -one shot fits for all- principle. Here, we challenge the conventional wisdom and evaluate the amount of fetomaternal hemorrhage (FMH) and adjusted the dose of anti-D accordingly. Method: In our study, Rh incompatible women who gave birth between October 2020 and March 2021 were included. FMH was determined by the Kleihauer-Betke test in the blood sample taken from the mothers after delivery. Blood smears were fixed with ethyl alcohol and incubated in citric acid buffer solution. In acid medium, HbF becomes resistant to elution, while other types are removed from erythrocytes. The smears are then taken under a microscope to examine the percentage of cells containing fetal hemoglobin. We used Oski-Naiman method to count fetal cells present, then estimated FMH using Mollison-s formula. Clinical data were available at hospital-s digital system. Results: Seventy patients got tested during study period. Twenty-five (39.6%) of cases had more than 4 mL of FMH. Among them, one (1.6%) case was found to have more than 30 mL of FMH, and was given an additional dose. This case had no obstetrical risk factor such as antepartum bleeding, preeclampsia, or manual removal of placenta. The rate of smoking was significantly higher in cases with more than 4 mL of FMH (p=0.001). There were no other variables differed significantly in women having more than 4 mL of FMH. Conclusion: FMH requiring more than 300 mcg of anti-D is significantly high in low-risk pregnant women in Turkey. Implementation of quantitative FMH testing with Kleihauer-Betke or flow cytometry test is necessary. Key words: Fetomaternal hemorrhage, Rh incompatibilityPublication Metadata only Physical Activity and Exercise in Mild Cognitive Impairment and Dementia: An Umbrella Review of Intervention and Observational Studies(2020-10-01T00:00:00Z) Demurtas, Jacopo; Schoene, Daniel; Torbahn, Gabriel; Marengoni, Alessandra; Grande, Giulia; Zou, Liye; Petrovic, Mirko; Maggi, Stefania; Cesari, Matteo; Lamb, Sarah; Soysal, Pınar; Kemmler, Wolfgang; Sieber, Cornel; Mueller, Christoph; Shenkin, Susan D.; Schwingshackl, Lukas; Smith, Lee; Veronese, Nicola; SOYSAL, PINARObjectives: The aim of this umbrella review was to determine the effect of physical activity/exercise on improving cognitive and noncognitive outcomes in people with MCI (mild cognitive impairment) and dementia.Publication Metadata only Integrase inhibitor-based antiretroviral treatments decrease oxidative stress caused by HIV infection.(2020-12-01T00:00:00Z) Okay, G; Akkoyunlu, YASEMİN; Kocyigit, A; Guler, E M; Aslan, T; KOÇYİĞİT, ABDÜRRAHİM; OKAY, GÜLAYPublication Metadata only Gender differences in the domains of job satisfaction: a questionnaire survey among doctors(2020-08-01T00:00:00Z) Al-Ezzi, Saad Ahmed Ali; AL-EZZI, SAAD AHMED ALİBackground:The impact of gender differences in the labor market cannot be neglected when studying job satisfaction among doctors. This study aimed to assess the gender differences in a ten-items Warr–Cook–Wall (WCW) job satisfaction scale among Iraqi medical doctors.Methods:A cross-sectional study was conducted between January and June 2014 in Iraq. The multistage sampling technique was recruited to collect the data from 20 health institutions. A total of 576 doctors returned the self-administered questionnaire (response rate= 87.3%). Student t-test and the Pearson correlation tests were used to analyzing the data.Results: Female doctors rated the overall job satisfaction index significantly higher than their peer male colleagues (P<0.001). Findings of student t-test showed a significant gender difference; women doctors appeared more satisfied than men in the freedom to choose the method of working, satisfied with their colleagues and fellow workers, amount of responsibility given to them, income, opportunity to use their abilities, hours of work and the amount of variety in the job. In contrast, the Pearson correlation coefficient results indicated a high satisfaction among male doctors than females in terms of recognition for good work (P=0.02) and the physical working condition (P=0.04), respectively.Conclusion:Analysis of data based on indices rather than the only overall job satisfaction appeared as an efficient method to understand gender differences. The possibility of increasing the representation of women in recognition and awards may raise the level of job satisfaction.Publication Metadata only COVID -19 pandemic is a worldwide typical biopsychosocial crisis(2020-08-01T00:00:00Z) Al-Ezzi, Saad Ahmed Ali; AL-EZZI, SAAD AHMED ALİSince December 2019, the world has been stunned by the speed of the spread of the COVID-19. All the possibilities were likely, except that people would hide in their homes for fear of contracting the disease, as it was very unlikely. The lockdown was imposed severely, and people panicked, and their interest has limited to providing food and caring for health and family. The effect of isolation and the prevention of social interaction was apparent in the individuals- psychological behavior. Unfortunately, the incidence of depression, anxiety, and domestic violence increased, which negatively impact family stability in the short and medium-term. The pathological, psychological, and social impact of COVID-19 imposes a framework for dealing with the pandemic based on the biopsychosocial model.Publication Metadata only Willingness to work with elderly people scale for medical and nursing students: cross cultural adaptation and psychometric validation(2022-04-01T00:00:00Z) Akpınar Söylemez, Burcu; Akyol, Merve Aliye; Özgül, Ecem; Küçükgüçlü, Özlem; Tan, Semen Gokce; Soysal, Pınar; SOYSAL, PINARThe number of older people is increasing globally, particularly in middle-income countries like Turkey. The psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Willingness to Work with Elderly People Scale (WEPS-T) was evaluated in this study. A descriptive, methodological and cross-sectional design was used. The data were collected using a sociodemographic form and WEPS-T during April to June 2021. The language and content validity, explanatory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were used to assess the validity of the scale. The scale’s reliability was obtained using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, item-total correlations, and test-retest reliability. Content validity index of WEPS-T was excellent (CVI was 1.00). All the factor loadings were found to be > .30 in factors analysis. In CFA, it was inferred that the model had a good fit (×2/df = 5.344; GFI = .864; CFI = .868; RMSEA = .079; RMR <.01). A Cronbach’s alpha value was obtained 0.881 for the entire scale. The test-retest reliability scores of the first sub-dimension were r = .84 and p < .001, the second r = .97 and p < .001, the third r = .98 and p < .001, the fourth r. = .95 and p < .001 and the total score was r = .96 and p < .001. WEPS-T is a valid and reliable measurement tool that determines the willingness of Turkish nursing and medical students to work with the older people.Publication Metadata only Non-profit Organizations: A Path for Social Economy(Istanbul University Publication, 2023-02-01) Toker K.; TOKER, KEREMThe structural basis of the social economy is non-profit organizations. Therefore, understanding the structure and management principles of non-profits is essential to create a global economy based on solidarity. However, despite the critical importance and role of non-profit organizations, studies on non-profit organizations are not holistic from a managerial perspective. For this reason, a holistic approach that covers all economic, political, and social components is needed when analyzing the social economy and NPOs Toward this aim, in this section, nonprofits are examined based on their organizational structure and management principles. This examination will compare for-profit and non-profits organizations’ mission, organizational structure, performance criteria, etc. The lack of profit in non-profit organization’s (NPO) mission stands out as the most crucial difference that shapes their management characteristics and organizational structure.Keywords: Social Organizations, Social Economy, Organizational Structure, Non-profit Organizations