Primary Parameter Affecting Respiratory Muscle Strength in Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Neuromuscular Activity

Abstract

AbstractObjective:Scoliosis is a deformity characterized by structural changes in the spine, often leading to respiratory problems. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between respiratory muscle strength and trunk muscle weakness, surface electromyography(sEMG) values, proprioception, and spinal biomechanical alterations following exercise training in this condition, whose etiology remains unclear.Methods:28 participants were included in the study. Patients were provided with core stabilization exercise training in 16 sessions under the supervision, twice a week for 8 weeks. The core stabilization-based exercise training primarily focused on postural corrections, patient education, exercise progression, and specific exercises.All patients underwent assessments at the beginning and end of the study, including Cobb angle, maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP) and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), sEMG measurements of trunk and abdominal muscles, trunk proprioception, and muscle strength evaluation using the isokinetic dynamometer.Results:A significant positive correlation was found between post-treatment improvements in MIP and upper trunk sEMG values, as well as between MEP and abdominal sEMG values (p=0.014, r=0.636/p=0.028, r=0.584).Conclusion:While multiple factors contribute to the development of AIS, our findings suggest that neuromuscular activity, which reflects the ability to utilize muscles effectively, plays a crucial role in mitigating the negative impact on MIP and MEP values. We believe that prioritizing exercises aimed at enhancing neuromuscular control and activity is essential for the treatment of respiratory problems in AIS.