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Factors Influencing the Total Inpatient Pharmacy Cost at a Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia: A Retrospective Study

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dc.contributor.authorAljunid, Syed Mohamed
dc.contributor.authorJadoo, Saad Ahmed Ali
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-29T14:55:58Z
dc.date.available2020-10-29T14:55:58Z
dc.date.issued2018-02-13T00:00:00Z
dc.description.abstractThe steady growth of pharmaceutical expenditures is a major concern for health policy makers and health care managers in Malaysia. Our study examined the factors affecting the total inpatient pharmacy cost (TINPC) at the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre (UKMMC). In this retrospective study, we used 2011 administration electronic prescriptions records and casemix databases at UKMMC to examine the impact of sociodemographic, diagnostic, and drug variables on the TINPC. Bivariate and multivariate analyses of the factors associated with TINPC were conducted. The mean inpatient pharmacy cost per patient was USD 102.07 (SD = 24.76). In the multivariate analysis, length of stay (LOS; B = 0.349, P < .0005) and severity level III (B = 0.253, P < .0005) were the primary factors affecting the TINPC. For each day increase in the LOS and each increase of a case of severity level III, there was an increase of approximately USD 11.97 and USD 171.53 in the TINPC per year, respectively. Moreover, the number of prescribed items of drugs and supplies was positively associated with the TINPC (B = 0.081, P < .0005). Gender appears to have affected the TINPC; male patients seem to be associated with a higher TINPC than females (mean = 139.55, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 112.97-166.13, P < .001). Surgical procedures were associated with higher cost than medical cases (mean = 87.93, 95% CI: 61.00-114.85, P < .001). Malay (MYR 242.02, SD = 65.37) and Chinese (MYR 214.66, SD = 27.99) ethnicities contributed to a lower TINPC compared with Indian (MYR 613.93, SD = 98.41) and other ethnicities (MYR 578.47, SD = 144.51). A longer hospitalization period accompanied by major complications and comorbidities had the greatest influence on the TINPC.
dc.identifier.citationAljunid S. M. , Jadoo S. A. A. , -Factors Influencing the Total Inpatient Pharmacy Cost at a Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia: A Retrospective Study-, INQUIRY-THE JOURNAL OF HEALTH CARE ORGANIZATION PROVISION AND FINANCING, cilt.55, 2018
dc.identifier.doi10.1177/0046958018755483
dc.identifier.scopus85056427561
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12645/25511
dc.identifier.wosWOS:000425098800001
dc.titleFactors Influencing the Total Inpatient Pharmacy Cost at a Tertiary Hospital in Malaysia: A Retrospective Study
dc.typeArticle
dspace.entity.typePublication
local.avesis.id310e3a4c-d15a-44eb-97fd-1ece8d83be64
local.publication.goal03 - Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
local.publication.isinternational1
relation.isGoalOfPublication9c198c48-b603-4e2f-8366-04edcfc1224c
relation.isGoalOfPublication.latestForDiscovery9c198c48-b603-4e2f-8366-04edcfc1224c
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