The Effect of Different Polishing Systems on the Surface Roughness of the CAD/CAM Materials

Abstract

Aim: The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of two different polishing systems on the surface roughness of CAD/CAM ceramic materials. Materials and Methods: In this study, three different types of chairside CAD/CAM materials (n=10) were used:1-Nano Hybrid Composite (HC) (Grandio, VOCO), 2-Lithium disilicate glass ceramic (LD) (IPS Emax CAD, Ivoclar), 3-Feldspar‐silicate glass ceramic (FC) (Cerec blocks, Sirona). The surfaces were ground and polished with 600 and 1000 grid silicon carbide papers before application of the ceramic polishing systems. The specimens were polished with two different polishing systems:1-Diamond particle polishing (DPP): Diacera [EVE, Ernst Vetter, Germany]; 2-Silicon carbide particle polishing (SCP): Ceramiste [Shofu, Japan] according to manufacturer’s instructions. The surface roughness of the specimens were measured at 3 points of the top surfaces by a contact profilometer and the arithmetic mean of the each sample was calculated (Ra, µm). The Shapiro-Wilk test was performed to test normality of the data. Two-way analysis of variance(ANOVA) was used to compare surface roughness (p=0.05). Results: Statistically significant difference was found among three CAD/CAM materials (LD>FC>HC) for both polishing systems(p<0.05). No significant differences were found(p>0.05) between two polishing systems in HC and FC groups. In LD groups, DPP showed higher surface roughness compared to SCP (p<0.05). Conclusion: While Hybrid Composite showed the lowest roughness, Lithium disilicate glass ceramic blocks showed the highest values. In Lithium disilicate glass ceramic blocks, silicon carbide particle polishing system may result lower surface roughness compared to diamond particle polishing system.