Consecutive 5-year outcomes of chorionic villus sampling at a tertiary center

Abstract

This study shares our 5-year experience with chorionic villus sampling (CVS) and analyzes the indications, results, and complications of this procedure. We conducted a retrospective analysis of data from singleton pregnancies that underwent CVS between 2015 and 2020 at the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Unit of Health Science University, Izmir Tepecik Research, and Training Hospital. Maternal demographics, indications, karyotype results, and pregnancy outcomes were recorded. We retrospectively analyzed data from 468 CVS procedures, conducted between 2015 and 2020. The most common indications for CVS were positive screening test results in the first trimester, fetal structural abnormalities, and increased nuchal translucency (NT) observed during ultrasound. Fetal structural abnormalities had the highest detection rate, at 34.5% for chromosomal abnormalities, followed by increased NT and first-trimester screen-positive test results (26.9% and 11.3%), respectively. The culture success rate was 96.3% (451 out of 468). The most prevalent chromosomal abnormalities were numerical, including Trisomy 21 (10.9%), Trisomy 18 (4.2%), and Trisomy 13 (1.9%). Results could not be obtained in 17 patients (3.6%); 12 (2.5%) were due to insufficient samples and culture failure, while 5 (1.06%) were due to maternal contamination. Amniocentesis was required as a secondary sampling in 24 cases (5.1%) and performed in 17 cases (3.6%). This study emphasizes the significance of CVS in prenatal diagnosis and the management of high-risk pregnancies. However, we must be aware of the associated risks and limitations, which include culture success rates, inconclusive results, and the occasional need for secondary sampling.