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ARİFOĞLU, YASİN

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    Morphometric characteristics of caudal cranial nerves at petroclival region in fetuses
    (2016-06-01) Ozdogmus, Omer; Saban, Enis; ÖZKAN, MAZHAR; Yildiz, Sercan Dogukan; Cakmak, Ozgur; Sehirli, Umit; ARİFOĞLU, YASİN
    Morphometric measurements of cranial nerves in posterior cranial fossa of fetus cadavers were carried out in an attempt to identify any asymmetry in their openings into the cranium. Twenty-two fetus cadavers (8 females, 14 males) with gestational age ranging between 22 and 38 weeks (mean 30 weeks) were included in this study. The calvaria were removed, the brains were lifted, and the cranial nerves were identified. The distance of each cranial nerve opening to midline and the distances between different cranial nerve openings were measured on the left and right side and compared. The mean clivus length and width were 21.2 +/- A 4.4 and 13.2 +/- A 1.5 mm, respectively. The distance of the twelfth cranial nerve opening from midline was shorter on the right side when compared with the left side (6.6 +/- A 1.1 versus 7.1 +/- A 0.8 mm, p = 0.038). Openings of other cranial nerves did not show such asymmetry with regard to their distance from midline, and the distances between different cranial nerves were similar on the left and right side. Cranial nerves at petroclival region seem to show minimal asymmetry in fetuses.
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    Effects of Nigella sativa on apoptosis and GABA(A) receptor density in cerebral cortical and hippocampal neurons in pentylenetetrazol induced kindling in rats
    (2016-01-01) AYDIN, M. S.; USTUNOVA, SAVAŞ; ESREFOGLU, MUKADDES; MERAL, I.; Arifoglu, YASİN; DEMIRTAS, M.; MERAL, İSMAİL; EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES; ÜSTÜNOVA, SAVAŞ; ARİFOĞLU, YASİN
    We investigated the effects of Nigella sativa on apoptosis and gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA(A)) receptor density in cerebral cortical and hippocampal neurons in a pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced kindling model in rats. The PTZ kindling model was produced by injecting PTZ in subconvulsive doses to rats on days 1, 3, 5, 8, 10, 12, 15, 17, 19, 22 and 24 of the study into animals of PTZ treated (PTZ) and PTZ + N. sativa treated (PTZ + NS) groups. Clonic and tonic seizures were induced by injecting a convulsive dose of PTZ on day 26 of the study. Rats in the PTZ + NS group were treated also with a 10 mg/kg methanolic extract of N. sativa 2 h before each PTZ injection. Rats in the control group were treated with 4 ml/kg saline. The number of neurons that expressed GABA(A) receptors in the hippocampus and cerebral cortex of rats in the PTZ and PTZ + NS groups increased significantly. There was no significant difference in the number of GABA(A) receptors between the PTZ and PTZ + NS groups. GABA(A) receptor density of the neurons in the cerebral cortex, but not hippocampus, was increased in PTZ group compared to controls. We observed a significant increase in the number of apoptotic neurons in the cerebral cortex of rats of both the PTZ and PTZ + NS groups compared to controls. We observed a significant decrease in the number of the apoptotic neurons in the cerebral cortex of rats in the PTZ + NS group compared to the PTZ group. N. sativa treatment ameliorated the PTZ induced neurodegeneration in the cerebral cortex as reflected by neuronal apoptosis and neuronal GABA(A) receptor frequency.
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    High origin of radial artery from the axillary artery: Case report
    (2017-03-01) Arifoglu, YASİN; Ozgur, Merve; Golpinar, Murat; Cavdar, Safiye; ARİFOĞLU, YASİN
    The axillary artery is the main artery supplying the shoulder region and is clinically important. In the present case we report an arterial variation of the left upper extremity of a 65 year-old female cadaver. The radial artery arose from the axillary artery 2.5 cm below the anterior humeral circumflex artery and above the teres major muscle. It first coursed along the medial aspect of the arm, then it passed laterally between the biceps brachii and the brachialis muscle. Reaching the upper part of the elbow, it coursed medial to the brachioradialis muscle. It did not give off any branches in either the arm or in the forearm regions. It contributed to the formation of the superficial palmar arch in the palm of the hand. Further, the brachial artery entered the cubital fossa and divided into ulnar and common interosseous arteries. The right upper extremity had a normal arterial branching pattern. Being aware of the variations of the axillary artery may help to prevent diagnostic errors and avoid complications during the surgery of the region. (C) 2017 Association for Research into Arterial Structure and Physiology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.