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12 - Sorumlu Üretim ve Tüketim

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SORUMLU ÜRETİM VE TÜKETİM Sürdürülebilir üretim ve tüketim kalıplarını sağlamak: Ekonomik büyüme ve sürdürülebilir kalkınmayı başarmak için, malları ve kaynakları üretme ve tüketme biçimlerimizi değiştirmek suretiyle ekolojik ayak izimizi derhal azaltmamız gerekiyor. Dünya genelinde en büyük su tüketicisi tarımdır ve tarımsal sulama, insanların kullandığı tüm taze suyun yaklaşık %70’ini buluyor.

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Start date: 2010 × End date: 2019 ×

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 21
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    RESPIRATORY FUNCTIONS OF THE PEOPLE WORKING IN SOLID WASTE STORAGE CENTERS IN ISTANBUL
    (2011-01-01T00:00:00Z) İŞSEVER, Halim; Ozyildirim, BEDİA; Ince, Nurhan; Ince, Haluk; Bayraktarli, Recep; Isik, Erol; AYVAZ, Özkan; Gelincik, Asli Akkor; ERELEL, Mustafa; Ozdilli, Kusrat; Gungor, Gunay Yilmaz; ÖZYILDIRIM, BEDİA
    Objective: Solid storage sanitarian workers are exposed to many chemical and physical hazards. The aim of this study is to find out the environmental effects of the work-places on the respiratory functions of the people working in solid waste storage centers.
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    Porous rubber cryogels: effect of the gel preparation temperature
    (2014-08-01T00:00:00Z) Oztoprak, Zeynep; Hekimoglu, Tugce; Karakutuk, Ilknur; Tuncaboylu, Deniz C.; Okay, Oğuz; TUNCABOYLU, DENIZ CEYLAN
    This paper examines the effect of the gel preparation temperature (T (prep)) on the physical properties of the rubber-based macroporous organogels prepared by solution crosslinking in benzene at subzero temperatures. Cis-polybutadiene (CBR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were used as the rubber components, while sulfur monochloride (S2Cl2) was the crosslinker in the gel preparation. It was shown that T (prep) is an extremely important parameter to adjust the porous structure and thus, the cryogel properties. The networks formed by CBR and SBR showed an aligned porous structure with an exception of honey-comb structured porous SBR cryogels prepared at -2 A degrees C. 10(1)- to 10(2)-mu m sized regular pores of the networks caused by the benzene crystals act as a template during gelation, separated by 10-20 mu m pore walls in thickness. They exhibit fast swelling and deswelling properties as well as reversible swelling-deswelling cycles in toluene and methanol, respectively. The ability of the organogels for the removal of petroleum products from aqueous solutions was also demonstrated using diesel and crude oil as model pollutants. In addition, the reusability of the organogels and their continuous sorption capacities were checked by repeated sorption-squeezing cycles. All the tests showed that the aligned porous organogels are suitable materials for the oil spill cleanup procedures.
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    METABOLIC SYNDROME IN COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE SECTOR
    (2012-01-01T00:00:00Z) Eker, Hasan Huseyin; BAYRAKTARLI, Recep Yilmaz; Issever, Halim; Ulas, Tumer; Erelel, Mustafa; ESER, ALİ; OZDILLI, Kursat; Ozder, ACLAN; ESER, ALİ; ÖZDER, ACLAN
    Objectives: This study aims to assess the frequency and factors relevant to metabolic syndrome in workers employed in the collection and disposal of solid waste sector. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the major solid waste collecting and disposal company named ISTAC AS (Istanbul Environmental Protection and Waste Processing Corporation) in Istanbul, Turkey. All 715 male employees of the company were included in the study without sampling. The study was completed with 619 subjects. Since it was a small group, female workers were not taken into account in the study. Metabolic syndrome frequency was investigated according to the NCEP-ATP III criteria including the levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist perimeter, HDL, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose values. Results: Metabolic syndrome was present in 40.9% of participating employees. Metabolic syndrome was more common in those working in the excavation field (54.0%), such as caterpillar operators (56.5%), and less common in employees working in administrative offices, such as office staff or managers, who were under 35 years old and who had been working for less than 10 years (p < 0.05). Employees working in work stations other than administrative offices had a 2.60 times higher risk compared to those working in administrative offices. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome may be related to work station, job, age and period worked by the subjects.
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    Ent-kaurane diterpenoids isolated from Sideritis congesta
    (2011-12-01) Topcu, GÜLAÇTI; Ertas, Abdulselam; Ozturk, Mehmet; Dincel, Demet; Kilic, Turgut; Halfon, Belkis; TOPÇU, GÜLAÇTI; DİNCEL, DEMET
    A new ent-kaurane diterpenoid, together with eight known ent-kauranes, were isolated from the petroleum ether and acetone extracts of the whole plant of Sideritis congesta P. H. Davis & Hub.-Mor. and their structures were elucidated as the new compound ent-7 alpha-acetoxy-16 beta, 18-dihydroxy-kaurane (7-acetyldistanol) (1) and the known compounds ent-3 beta,7 alpha-dihydroxy, 18-acetoxy-15 beta,16 beta-epoxykaurane (epoxyisolinearol) (2), sideroxol (3), sideridiol (4), siderol (5), 7-epicandicandiol (6), foliol (7), linearol (8) and sidol (9). Characterization of compounds 1-9 was based on spectral analyses and comparison with reported data, particularly the new compound 1 was identified by 1D- and 2D-NMR and mass spectroscopic analyses. The antioxidant potential of the extracts, and also of the ent-kauranes except for 7, was investigated by three methods including beta-carotene bleaching method, free radical scavenging activity and superoxide anion scavenging activity. The anticholinesterase activity was also evaluated for the ent-kauranes except for 7, and most of the diterpenes exhibited weak acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. However, almost all diterpenes exhibited some inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase; particularly, compounds 3 and 6 exhibited better BChE inhibitory activity than the standard compound galanthamine. (C) 2011 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
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    Role of Osmotin in Strawberry Improvement
    (2012-10-01T00:00:00Z) Husaini, Amjad M.; Rafiqi, ABDUL MATTEEN; RAFIQI, ABDUL MATTEEN
    In nature, plants are often exposed to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses, severely affecting their growth and development and reducing their productivity. Future predicted adverse climatic changes might threaten the very sustainability of crop production worldwide. Various approaches ought to be explored to deal with the challenges of sustained crop production under such conditions. In this review, we explore the potential of osmotin, a stress-responsive multifunctional pathogenesis-related (PR)-5c protein from tobacco, in improving adaptability of crop plants to climatic changes. As osmotin plays an important role in salt and drought tolerance as well as in cold tolerance and in protecting plants against some fungal pathogens, the relevance of osmotin in improving tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses in strawberry, a salt-sensitive plant that is also susceptible to several fungal pathogens, is presented herein.
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    Fatty Acid, Essential Oil and Phenolic Compositions of Alcea pallida and Alcea apterocarpa with Antioxidant, Anticholinesterase and Antimicrobial Activities
    (2016-01-01) Ertas, Abdulselam; Boga, Mehmet; Gazioglu, IŞIL; Yesil, Yeter; Hasimi, Nesrin; Ozaslan, Cumali; YILMAZ, Hasibe; KAPLAN, Muammer; GAZİOĞLU, IŞIL
    This study was the first phytochemical and biological activity report on Alcea pallida and Alcea apterocarpa extracts. The main constituents of the essential oils were identified as arachidic acid (34.2%) for A. pallida, and hexatriacontane (25.3%) for A. apterocarpa. The main constituents of the fatty acids obtained from petroleum ether extracts of A. pallida and A. apterocarpa were identified as palmitic acid (31.2%) and oleic acid (25.6%), respectively. The phenolic compositions of the samples were determined using HPLC (LC-20 liquid chromatographic system). A. pallida and A. apterocarpa showed the same peaks which were ascorbic, caffeic, salicylic and p-hydroxybenzoic acids and quercetin, respectively. Salicylic acid showed the highest abundance. Among the eight extracts, the acetone extract of A. pallida possessed the best ABTS cation radical scavenging activity and moderate butyryl-cholinesterase activity at 200 mu g/mL. The A. pallida acetone extract exhibited 53.12% inhibition in DPPH free radical scavenging activity method at 100 mu g/mL concentration. The acetone extract of A. pallida showed weak antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pyogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and moderate activity against Candida albicans (inhibition zone diameter 16 mm). The acetone extract of A. apterocarpa showed moderate activity against C. albicans (inhibition zone diameter 14 mm) and S. aureus (inhibition zone diameter 13 mm); weak activity against E. coli., S0 pyogenes, and P. aeruginosa.
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    Fungal Flora at Solid Waste Storage Centres and Their Potential Allergenic Effects on the Workers
    (2011-06-01T00:00:00Z) İŞSEVER, Halim; Ozyildirim, BEDİA; Ince, Nurhan; Ince, Haluk; Bayraktarli, Recep; GELİNCİK, Aslı; Ozseker, Ferhan; ERELEL, Mustafa; Buyukozturk, Suna; Gungor, Gunay Yilmaz; ÖZYILDIRIM, BEDİA
    Purpose: The aim of this study was to find out the fungal flora at solid waste storage centres and its potential allergenic effects on the workers.
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    GENOTOXIC EFFECTS OF LOW DOSES OF PESTICIDES ON MONONUCLEAR LEUKOCYTE ISOLATED FROM HIGHER CELLS
    (2012-01-01T00:00:00Z) Dikilitas, Murat; Koryigit, ABDÜRRAHİM; Bilinc, Hasan; Taskin, Abdullah; KOÇYİĞİT, ABDÜRRAHİM
    Although it is known that the advised or lower than advised doses of eco-friendly pesticides cause a genotoxic effect on non targeted higher cells as well as on targeted organisms, their very low or ultra low doses, however, have not been tested with an efficient method. The single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) or comet assay was used to detect the DNA damages on higher cells in vitro exposed to insecticides such as dimethoate (100-, 50-, 10 mu g ml(-1)), methyl parathion (90-, 45-, 5 mu g ml(-1)) alphacypermethrin (25-, 15-, 5 mu g ml(-1)) and dichlorvos (100-, 50-, 10 mu g ml(-1)) in which the concentration of each insecticide was designated as -very low volume- (vlv), -very very low volume- (vvlv) and -ultra low volume- (ulv) doses, respectively. The induction of DNA damage was evident on human peripheral lymphocytes (PBL) after 1 h treatment in vitro with the above insecticides. The results showed that the -vlv- and -vvlv- doses of methyl parathion (LD50=3 mu g ml(-1)), alphacypermethrin (LD50=57 mu g ml(-1)) and dichlorvos (LD50=50 mu g ml(-1)) caused significantly higher DNA damages in treated groups than those of their controls; on the other hand, dimethoate (LD50=387 mu g ml(-1)) caused a significant damage in blood cells only in -vlv- dose. DNA damage was not detected in -ulv- doses of all insecticides. It is probable that the -vlv- or -vvlv- doses of highly toxic chemicals expressing DNA damages on blood cells might be related with their very low LD50 values, which may play an important role on the impact of environmental pollution and human health even with their very low doses. It would be also beneficial to determine the genotoxic effect of -ulv- doses of all insecticides along with the non-harmful doses of dimethoate with extended incubation period if time has potential to create extensive DNA damages.
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    Anticholinesterase furocoumarins from Heracleum platytaenium, a species endemic species to Ida Mountains
    (2013-01-01) Dincel, DEMET; Hatipoglu, Seda Damla; GOREN, AHMET CEYHAN; Topcu, Gulacti; DİNCEL, DEMET; GÖREN, AHMET CEYHAN; TOPÇU, GÜLAÇTI
    The petroleum ether extract of Heracleum platytaenium afforded 8 furocoumarins (psoralen, bergapten, xanthotoxin, pimpinellin, isopimpinellin, sphondin, byakangelicin, and heraclenol) and the methanol extract of H. platytaenium gave only 1 glycosylated dihydrofurocoumarin, apterin. In addition, stigmasterol was also obtained from petroleum ether extract. Structure identification of the isolated compounds has been achieved by using spectroscopic methods, namely 1D and 2D NMR experiments and mass spectral analyses. The antioxidant activity of the extracts and pure compounds was investigated by 2 methods, including DPPH free radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity by beta-carotene-linoleic acid assays. The anticholinesterase activity of petroleum ether and methanol extracts of the plant and the isolated furocoumarins was investigated against acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase enzymes by the Ellman method in vitro.