Goal: 03 - Sağlık ve Kaliteli Yaşam
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AMAÇ 3: SAĞLIKLI BİREYLER
Çocuk ölüm oranlarının azaltılması, anne sağlığının iyileştirilmesi, HIV/AIDS, sıtma ve diğer hastalıklar ile mücadelede büyük aşama kaydetmiş durumdayız. 1990 yılından bu yana, önlenebilir çocuk ölümlerinde dünya genelinde %50’yi aşan azalma olmuştur. Anne ölümleri de dünya genelinde %45 azalmıştır. 2000 ile 2013 arasında HIV/AIDS bulaşma oranı %30 azalmış, 6,2 milyonu aşkın insan sıtmadan kurtarılmıştır.
Bu ölümler; önleme ve tedavi, eğitim, aşı kampanyaları, cinsel ve üreme sağlığı hizmetleri vasıtasıyla önlenebilir. Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçları; AIDS, verem, sıtma ve diğer bulaşıcı hastalık salgınlarını 2030 yılına kadar ortadan kaldırmaya yönelik cesur bir taahhüttür. Amaç, herkesin genel sağlık hizmeti, güvenli ve erişilebilir ilaç ve aşıya kavuşmasını sağlamaktır. Aşı araştırma ve geliştirmelerinin desteklenmesi, bu sürecin vazgeçilmez bir parçasıdır.
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Publication Open Access COVID-19 Pandemic and Surge Capacity(2020-08-01T00:00:00Z) Karakoç, Miraç Nevzat; Erdoğan, Özcan; ERDOĞAN, ÖZCANDisasters and pandemics experienced in recent years have shown the importance of emergency preparedness. Effectively responding to events leading to a large influx of patients that disrupt daily operations requires increased capacity. Not much resources may be available to recover losses in the current healthcare system. Therefore, plans should be made for the overflow capacity to accommodate a large number of patients before the disaster. In the face of a complex emergency epidemic, it is very important to identify and verify resources from the beginning of the outbreak in order to scale and use efficiently. It is necessary to make alternative plans and produce solutions against the worst possible scenario. In Coronavirus disease-2019 pandemics, as in all disasters and pandemics, trying to reduce the number of cases for overflow capacity, establishing alternative health facilities, minimizing the resource consumption of patients and increasing the bed capacity should be basic strategies. The need for excess resources arising in the overflow capacity experienced in a pandemic should be evaluated correctly and planning should be done accordingly. Therefore, it is necessary to create alternative areas. Projecting the underground car parks of the hospitals as underground hospitals in case of a nature-related disaster, and evaluating other closed areas within this scope; Again, the parks and reserve areas in the cities should be planned for the establishment of field hospitals against different scenarios against each natural disaster situation. With these plans, physical area demands that will occur in response to the overflow capacity can be supplied.Publication Open Access Medical Education in Epidemic and Disaster Situations(2020-11-01T00:00:00Z) Özçelik, Semra; Küçük, Özlem Su; Çakır, Erkan; Kazancıoğlu, Rümeyza; ÖZÇELİK, SEMRA; SU KÜÇÜK, ÖZLEM; ÇAKIR, ERKAN; KAZANCIOĞLU, RÜMEYZAThere is no standard practice for the sustainability of medical education in epidemics such as Covid-19 and disasters affecting society. Synchronous or asynchronous trainings have been carried out in some of universities and colleges that have distance education technical infrastructure, during the Covid-19 pandemic. If every student has access to information technologies and the skills of the instructors who will prepare and deliver the training increase their ability to use information technologies, there is no problem in the implementation and maintenance of theoretical lessons. During the Covid-19 pandemic, we had to go to distance education, which we had not yet implemented at Bezmialem Vakıf University Faculty of Medicine. During this period, we applied asynchronous and synchronous education models (mixed model) for theoretical lessons. However, the fact that practical and internship applications were carried out by distance education - although videos about skills and practices were shot and uploaded to the system - it was not possible to replace the formal education. Distance education is inevitable for the continuity of education in epidemic and disaster situations. However, after the epidemic and disaster situations have passed, practical and internship practices should be carried out as much as possible in addition to distance education in medical education. In normal times, distance education can only be used to support formal education in medical education. As a result of all these evaluations and experiences we gained in the Covid 19 pandemic, we think that synchronous/synchronous distance education applications will improve over time and contribute to medical education.Publication Open Access Non-pharmaceutical interventions in Turkey and worldwide during COVID-19 pandemic(2021-12-01T00:00:00Z) İlhan, Mustafa Necmi; Tüzün, Hakan; Kılıç, Rahmi; Yıldırım, Nuran; YILDIRIM, NURANNonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) are actions apart from getting vaccinated and medications, in order to promote deceleration of the spread of illness among people and communities during pandemic. In this article, we aim to examine NPIs applied in Turkey and worldwide due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Some of the NPIs such as isolation, quarantine, and contact tracing were maintained with updates of the Ministry of Health guidelines in Turkey. Some NPIs including travel and partial or full curfew mobilization restrictions were set in accordance with the various periods by the number of cases. Periods of restrictions at autumn 2021 to summer 2022 are national partial curfews, national extended curfews, local decision-making phase, revised local decision-making phase, partial lockdown, full lockdown and gradual normalization. Mitigation and suppression have been implemented in Turkey with restrictions of varying severity throughout the course of the epidemic. It is seen that the restrictions implemented in Turkey contributed to the flattening of the epidemic curve. Even some countries mainly applied the suppression method, and others applied the mitigation method, in general, it is seen that similar methods were applied with different weights. Examples of different countries demonstrated that NPIs are effective for flattening epidemic curve. NPI have been the main instrument for a year and a half from the beginning of the epidemic to mid-2021 in Turkey as well as worldwide.Publication Open Access Managing Evidence-Based Research Processes with Systematic Review and Bibliometric Analysis Methods in Covid-19 Pandemic(2020-08-01T00:00:00Z) ZAYİM GEDİK, Kübra; YALÇINKAYA, ÖZLEM; YALÇINKAYA, BAHATTİN; ZAYİM GEDİK, KÜBRA; YALÇINKAYA, ÖZLEMObjective: This article aims to analyze different approaches to a literature review. The publications in the pandemic period were examined by bibliometric analysis method within the framework of systematic review and determined criteria. Methods: Between 01.01.2020 and 07.06.2020, research on pandemics in WOS and Scopus platforms has been examined with a comprehensive literature study. The first aim of the study is to reveal the quality of the literature research. Another goal is to analyze the results with certain criteria. The bibliometric analysis method was used to analyze the results of the research. Results: With the determined research strategy, the publications belonging to the pandemic period were analyzed comparatively with charts and tables in WOS and Scopus platforms such as country, type of publication, institution, subject area, author, the most cited publication, and the most published journals. Conclusion: Within the framework of bibliometric analysis, it is one of the top contributors in the process with the highest number of publications in the US pandemic process. Although there is no direct relationship between the intensity of spreading of the pandemic and the publications produced, these two processes have proceeded almost parallel to each other. It has been determined that the most broadcasting institutions are universities in the USA. In this process, it was seen that most of the articles were published in order to ensure the rapid dissemination of scientific information. In the fight against epidemic, it has been observed that quite a lot of publications have been produced in the field of medicine on both platforms.Publication Open Access Adrenocortical System Hormones in Non-Critically Ill COVID-19 Patients(2021-01-01T00:00:00Z) Ekinci, I.; Hursitoglu, M.; TUNÇ, MUHAMMED; Kazezoglu, C.; Isiksacan, N.; Yurt, S.; AKDENİZ, ESRA; Eroz, E.; Kumbasar, A.; TUNÇ, MUHAMMEDContext: The effects of COVID-19 on the adrenocortical system and its hormones are not well known. Objectives: We studied serum cortisol, serum adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and their ratio in hospitalized non-critically ill COVID-19 patients. Design: A prospective case-control study. Methods: The study participants were divided into 2 groups. Group 1 consisted of 74 COVID-19 patients. The second group consisted of 33 healthy persons. Early admission above hormones levels was determined and compared between the study groups. Besides that, COVID-19 patients were grouped according to their Glasgow Coma Score (GCS), CURB-65 score, and intensive care unit (ICU) requirement, and further sub-analyses were performed. Results: There were no significant differences in the mean age or gender distribution in both groups. In the patients' group, the serum ACTH concentration was lower than in the healthy group (p<0.05). On the other hand, the serum cortisol levels and cortisol/ACTH ratio of the patients' group were significantly higher than of the healthy controls (p<0.05, all). Further analyses showed that, although serum cortisol and ACTH levels were not high, the cortisol/ACTH ratio was higher in COVID-19 patients with low GCS (<15) than patients with normal GCS (=15) (p<0.05). In COVID-19 in patients with different CURB-65 scores, the cortisol/ACTH ratio was significantly different (p<0.05), while serum cortisol and ACTH were not different in groups (p>0.05). Serum cortisol levels and cortisol/ACTH ratio were higher but ACTH level was lower in the ICU needed COVID-19 patients than in patients who do not need ICU (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our pilot study results showed that the cortisol/ACTH ratio would be more useful than serum cortisol and/or ACTH levels alone in evaluating the adrenocortical system of COVID-19 patients. Still, further detailed studies are needed to confirm these.Publication Open Access History of Epidemics and COVID-19(2020-12-01T00:00:00Z) YÜKSEL MAYDA, PELİN; DİNÇ, HARİKA ÖYKÜIn archaeological excavations, it has been reported that formations resembling bacterial fossils are found among the rock layers and they belong to millions of years ago. There are those who have created the flora and preserved us by creating our flora, and those that have brought us to the end, as well as those that help us to form the microorganisms that we share with the same planet, whose existence dates back to ancient times. Although our immune system and medical facilities are trump cards against microorganisms living in the world for much longer than human beings, these are not always enough to protect us, and microorganisms are causing outbreaks that will make history. In this review, we aimed to examine the epidemic diseases experienced by human beings from past to present and their effects.