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12 - Sorumlu Üretim ve Tüketim

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SORUMLU ÜRETİM VE TÜKETİM Sürdürülebilir üretim ve tüketim kalıplarını sağlamak: Ekonomik büyüme ve sürdürülebilir kalkınmayı başarmak için, malları ve kaynakları üretme ve tüketme biçimlerimizi değiştirmek suretiyle ekolojik ayak izimizi derhal azaltmamız gerekiyor. Dünya genelinde en büyük su tüketicisi tarımdır ve tarımsal sulama, insanların kullandığı tüm taze suyun yaklaşık %70’ini buluyor.

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    Indirect Effect Of A Dentistry And Medical School Hospital Before And After Covid-19 On The Environment
    (2021-03-20T00:00:00Z) Ekinci, Esma; Armagan, Sara; KILIÇ, BANU
    Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO)’ne göre küresel ısınma tüm dünyada insanların karşılaştığı ciddi sorunlardan biridir.(WHO 2011) Gelecek nesiller için dünyanın uzun bir süre daha var olması önem taşımaktadır. Dolayısıyla bir diş hekimi olarak çevre dostu bir yöntem kullanarak doğanın ko runmasına yönelik katkı sağlamak bizim sorumluluğumuzdur. Küresel ısınmanın en önemli sebeplerinden biri de çevresel kirliliktir. Yapılan çeşitli araştırmalara göre, diş hekimliğinin çevreye etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Birleşik Krallık Ulusal Sağlık Sistemi (NHS)’ne göre karbon ayakizine en büyük katkıyı dental servislere yapılan giriş çıkışlar ve tedarik süreci oluşturmaktadır. Diş hekimliği klinikleri, diğer sağlık kuruluşlarına kıyasla daha az atık üretiyor olsa da, son on yılda dental atıklarda önemli bir artış gözlenmektedir. Çeşitli ülkelerde yapılan akademik araştırmalarda, Covid-19 sürecinden bağımsız olarak değerlendirilen kliniklerden esinlenerek Bezmialem Vakıf Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği ve Tıp Fakültesi Hastanelerinde bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Covid-19 öncesi ve sonrası bir diş hekimliği ve tıp fakültesi hastanesinin kullandığı ve harcadığı materyallerin (2019-2020 yıllarının Haziran-Aralık ayları arasındaki dezen-fektan, sabun, kağıt, hasta sayısı, doğalgaz, elektrik ve geri dönüşüm atıkları) derlenmesiyle sağlık sektörünün karbon ayakizinin bu süreçte hangi yönlerde değişime uğradığını belirtmektedir. Matery-allerin belirlenen süreçlerdeki hem yıllık değişimi hem de hasta başına düşen birim değişimi dikkate alınmıştır. Sağlık sektöründeki bireyler olarak bu süreci nasıl değerlendirmiş olduğumuzu gösteren bu çalışma, gelecekte benzer pandemilerin yaşanması durumunda öngörülecek durumları ve dikkat edilmesi gereken noktaları göz önüne sermiştir
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    RESPIRATORY FUNCTIONS OF THE PEOPLE WORKING IN SOLID WASTE STORAGE CENTERS IN ISTANBUL
    (2011-01-01T00:00:00Z) İŞSEVER, Halim; Ozyildirim, BEDİA; Ince, Nurhan; Ince, Haluk; Bayraktarli, Recep; Isik, Erol; AYVAZ, Özkan; Gelincik, Asli Akkor; ERELEL, Mustafa; Ozdilli, Kusrat; Gungor, Gunay Yilmaz; ÖZYILDIRIM, BEDİA
    Objective: Solid storage sanitarian workers are exposed to many chemical and physical hazards. The aim of this study is to find out the environmental effects of the work-places on the respiratory functions of the people working in solid waste storage centers.
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    Evaluation of Nursing Students- Medical Waste Knowledge Level
    (2021-09-01T00:00:00Z) Toluk, Özlem; Özdemir, Aysel; Şahin, İbrahim; Yıldız, Sinem; Erkul, Şeyma Nur; Ercan, İlker; TOLUK, ÖZLEM
    Aim: Failure to properly manage medical waste potentially exposes healthcare professionals, waste handlers, patients, and the general public to risks such as infection, toxic effects, injuries, and environmental pollution. The study was planned in a descriptive cross-sectional type and it was aimed to evaluate the medical waste knowledge levels of nursing students.Methods: The sample consisted of 100 nursing students studying in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grades of a state university. The Kuder Richardson 20 coefficient was found to be 0.744 by collecting data based on the self-reports of the participants with the questionnaire created by the researchers in the study. The level of significance is taken α=0.05. Categorical variables were analyzed with the Chi-Square test, Fisher-s exact Chi-square test, and Fisher Freeman Halton test.Results: In our study, 70 (70.00%) people take a course on medical waste, 6 (6.00%) people work in any health institution. It was found that the rate at which medical waste bags should be filled and the evaluation of expired or unused drugs as pharmaceutical waste was statistically significant according to gender (p = 0.028, and p = 0.047).Conclusion: As nursing students take lectures or courses on medical waste, and their grade levels rise, their knowledge of medical waste increases. Based on the results of our study, increasing medical waste education is of great importance in terms of public health, personnel health, and environmental health.
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    Porous rubber cryogels: effect of the gel preparation temperature
    (2014-08-01T00:00:00Z) Oztoprak, Zeynep; Hekimoglu, Tugce; Karakutuk, Ilknur; Tuncaboylu, Deniz C.; Okay, Oğuz; TUNCABOYLU, DENIZ CEYLAN
    This paper examines the effect of the gel preparation temperature (T (prep)) on the physical properties of the rubber-based macroporous organogels prepared by solution crosslinking in benzene at subzero temperatures. Cis-polybutadiene (CBR) and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) were used as the rubber components, while sulfur monochloride (S2Cl2) was the crosslinker in the gel preparation. It was shown that T (prep) is an extremely important parameter to adjust the porous structure and thus, the cryogel properties. The networks formed by CBR and SBR showed an aligned porous structure with an exception of honey-comb structured porous SBR cryogels prepared at -2 A degrees C. 10(1)- to 10(2)-mu m sized regular pores of the networks caused by the benzene crystals act as a template during gelation, separated by 10-20 mu m pore walls in thickness. They exhibit fast swelling and deswelling properties as well as reversible swelling-deswelling cycles in toluene and methanol, respectively. The ability of the organogels for the removal of petroleum products from aqueous solutions was also demonstrated using diesel and crude oil as model pollutants. In addition, the reusability of the organogels and their continuous sorption capacities were checked by repeated sorption-squeezing cycles. All the tests showed that the aligned porous organogels are suitable materials for the oil spill cleanup procedures.
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    METABOLIC SYNDROME IN COLLECTION AND DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE SECTOR
    (2012-01-01T00:00:00Z) Eker, Hasan Huseyin; BAYRAKTARLI, Recep Yilmaz; Issever, Halim; Ulas, Tumer; Erelel, Mustafa; ESER, ALİ; OZDILLI, Kursat; Ozder, ACLAN; ESER, ALİ; ÖZDER, ACLAN
    Objectives: This study aims to assess the frequency and factors relevant to metabolic syndrome in workers employed in the collection and disposal of solid waste sector. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in the major solid waste collecting and disposal company named ISTAC AS (Istanbul Environmental Protection and Waste Processing Corporation) in Istanbul, Turkey. All 715 male employees of the company were included in the study without sampling. The study was completed with 619 subjects. Since it was a small group, female workers were not taken into account in the study. Metabolic syndrome frequency was investigated according to the NCEP-ATP III criteria including the levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure, waist perimeter, HDL, triglyceride, fasting blood glucose values. Results: Metabolic syndrome was present in 40.9% of participating employees. Metabolic syndrome was more common in those working in the excavation field (54.0%), such as caterpillar operators (56.5%), and less common in employees working in administrative offices, such as office staff or managers, who were under 35 years old and who had been working for less than 10 years (p < 0.05). Employees working in work stations other than administrative offices had a 2.60 times higher risk compared to those working in administrative offices. Conclusions: Metabolic syndrome may be related to work station, job, age and period worked by the subjects.
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    Ent-kaurane diterpenoids isolated from Sideritis congesta
    (2011-12-01) Topcu, GÜLAÇTI; Ertas, Abdulselam; Ozturk, Mehmet; Dincel, Demet; Kilic, Turgut; Halfon, Belkis; TOPÇU, GÜLAÇTI; DİNCEL, DEMET
    A new ent-kaurane diterpenoid, together with eight known ent-kauranes, were isolated from the petroleum ether and acetone extracts of the whole plant of Sideritis congesta P. H. Davis & Hub.-Mor. and their structures were elucidated as the new compound ent-7 alpha-acetoxy-16 beta, 18-dihydroxy-kaurane (7-acetyldistanol) (1) and the known compounds ent-3 beta,7 alpha-dihydroxy, 18-acetoxy-15 beta,16 beta-epoxykaurane (epoxyisolinearol) (2), sideroxol (3), sideridiol (4), siderol (5), 7-epicandicandiol (6), foliol (7), linearol (8) and sidol (9). Characterization of compounds 1-9 was based on spectral analyses and comparison with reported data, particularly the new compound 1 was identified by 1D- and 2D-NMR and mass spectroscopic analyses. The antioxidant potential of the extracts, and also of the ent-kauranes except for 7, was investigated by three methods including beta-carotene bleaching method, free radical scavenging activity and superoxide anion scavenging activity. The anticholinesterase activity was also evaluated for the ent-kauranes except for 7, and most of the diterpenes exhibited weak acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity. However, almost all diterpenes exhibited some inhibitory activity against butyrylcholinesterase; particularly, compounds 3 and 6 exhibited better BChE inhibitory activity than the standard compound galanthamine. (C) 2011 Phytochemical Society of Europe. Published by Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.
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    Medical Education in Epidemic and Disaster Situations
    (2020-11-01T00:00:00Z) Özçelik, Semra; Küçük, Özlem Su; Çakır, Erkan; Kazancıoğlu, Rümeyza; ÖZÇELİK, SEMRA; SU KÜÇÜK, ÖZLEM; ÇAKIR, ERKAN; KAZANCIOĞLU, RÜMEYZA
    There is no standard practice for the sustainability of medical education in epidemics such as Covid-19 and disasters affecting society. Synchronous or asynchronous trainings have been carried out in some of universities and colleges that have distance education technical infrastructure, during the Covid-19 pandemic. If every student has access to information technologies and the skills of the instructors who will prepare and deliver the training increase their ability to use information technologies, there is no problem in the implementation and maintenance of theoretical lessons. During the Covid-19 pandemic, we had to go to distance education, which we had not yet implemented at Bezmialem Vakıf University Faculty of Medicine. During this period, we applied asynchronous and synchronous education models (mixed model) for theoretical lessons. However, the fact that practical and internship applications were carried out by distance education - although videos about skills and practices were shot and uploaded to the system - it was not possible to replace the formal education. Distance education is inevitable for the continuity of education in epidemic and disaster situations. However, after the epidemic and disaster situations have passed, practical and internship practices should be carried out as much as possible in addition to distance education in medical education. In normal times, distance education can only be used to support formal education in medical education. As a result of all these evaluations and experiences we gained in the Covid 19 pandemic, we think that synchronous/synchronous distance education applications will improve over time and contribute to medical education.
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    Role of Osmotin in Strawberry Improvement
    (2012-10-01T00:00:00Z) Husaini, Amjad M.; Rafiqi, ABDUL MATTEEN; RAFIQI, ABDUL MATTEEN
    In nature, plants are often exposed to multiple biotic and abiotic stresses, severely affecting their growth and development and reducing their productivity. Future predicted adverse climatic changes might threaten the very sustainability of crop production worldwide. Various approaches ought to be explored to deal with the challenges of sustained crop production under such conditions. In this review, we explore the potential of osmotin, a stress-responsive multifunctional pathogenesis-related (PR)-5c protein from tobacco, in improving adaptability of crop plants to climatic changes. As osmotin plays an important role in salt and drought tolerance as well as in cold tolerance and in protecting plants against some fungal pathogens, the relevance of osmotin in improving tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses in strawberry, a salt-sensitive plant that is also susceptible to several fungal pathogens, is presented herein.