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EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES

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    PublicationOpen Access
    Antioxidant and toxicological in-vivo and in-vitro examination of licorice extract
    (2016-09-01) Bektay, MUHAMMED YUNUS; Uckaya, FATİH; Guler, E. M.; Bayindir, NİHAN; Kocyigit, ABDÜRRAHİM; Esrefoglu, MUKADDES; Topcu, GÜLAÇTI; BEKTAY, MUHAMMED YUNUS; UÇKAYA, FATİH; GÜLER, ERAY METİN; BAYINDIR, NİHAN; KOÇYİĞİT, ABDÜRRAHİM; EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES; TOPÇU, GÜLAÇTI
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Protective Effects of Curcumin on Cadmium-Induced Renal Injury in Young and Aged Rats
    (2016-12-01) Kumas, MELTEM; Esrefoglu, MUKADDES; Bayindir, NİHAN; Iraz, Meryem; Ayhan, Siddika; Meydan, SEDAT; KUMAŞ, MELTEM; EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES; BAYINDIR, NİHAN; MEYDAN, SEDAT
    Objective: We aimed to investigate the protective effects of curcumin (Cr) against cadmium (Cd) toxicity on the kidneys of both young and aged rats. Methods: Forty-eight young and aged female Spraque–Dawley rats were divided into control, Cd, Cr, and Cd+Cr groups. We investigated kidney damage using a histopathological scoring system and measured total antioxidant status (TAS) and total oxidant status (TOS) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), procalcitonin (PCT), and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. Results: Kidney tissues of Cd groups showed acute histopathological alterations. Cr improved Cd-induced histopathological changes (p<0.05). The highest mean TAS was recorded in both the Cr groups. The highest mean TOS was recorded only in the aged Cd group. Cr decreased IL-6 levels in both the Cd+Cr groups (p<0.05). PCT levels in the Cd groups were higher than those in the control groups. Significance was detected only between the young Cd and control groups (p<0.05). PCT levels were reduced in both the Cd+Cr groups (p<0.05). CRP levels in the aged Cd group were higher than those in the other groups (p<0.05). Cr reduced CRP levels only in the aged Cd+Cr group (p<0.05). Conclusion: Our results suggest that Cr prevents Cd-induced renal oxidative damage in both young and aged rats.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Experimental and clinical evidence of antioxidant therapy in acute pancreatitis
    (2012-10-21) Esrefoglu, MUKADDES; EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES
    Oxidative stress has been shown to play an important role in the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis (AP). Antioxidants, alone or in combination with conventional therapy, should improve oxidative-stress-induced organ damage and therefore accelerate the rate of recovery. In recent years, substantial amounts of data about the efficiency of antioxidants against oxidative damage have been obtained from experiments with rodents. Some of these antioxidants have been found beneficial in the treatment of AP in humans; however, at present there is insufficient clinical data to support the benefits of antioxidants, alone or in combination with conventional therapy, in the management of AP in humans. Conflicting results obtained from experimental animals and humans may represent distinct pathophysiological mechanisms mediating tissue injury in different species. Further detailed studies should be done to clarify the exact mechanisms of tissue injury in human AP. Herein I tried to review the existing experimental and clinical studies on AP in order to determine the efficiency of antioxidants. The use of antioxidant enriched nutrition is a potential direction of clinical research in AP given the lack of clues about the efficiency and safety of antioxidant usage in patients with AP
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Role of stem cells in repair of liver injury: experimental and clinical benefit of transferred stem cells on liver failure.
    (2013-10-28) Esrefoglu, MUKADDES; EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES
    Although the liver has a high regenerative capacity, as a result of massive hepatocyte death, liver failure occurs. In addition to liver failure, for acute, chronic and hereditary diseases of the liver, cell transplantation therapies can stimulate regeneration or at least ensure sufficient function until liver transplantation can be performed. The lack of donor organs and the risks of rejection have prompted extensive experimental and clinical research in the field of cellular transplantation. Transplantation of cell lineages involved in liver regeneration, including mature hepatocytes, fetal hepatocytes, fetal liver progenitor cells, fetal stem cells, hepatic progenitor cells, hepatic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood stem cells, have been found to be beneficial in the treatment of liver failure. In this article, the results of experimental and clinical cell transplantation trials for liver failure are reviewed, with an emphasis on regeneration. © 2013 Baishideng. All rights reserved. Key words: Liver regeneration; Liver failure; Stem cell Core tip: Although the liver has a high regenerative capacity, as a result of massive hepatocyte death, liver failure occurs. In recent years, there has been extensive experimental and clinical research in the field of cellular transplantation. Transplantation of cell lineages involved in liver regeneration, including mature and fetal hepatocytes, fetal liver progenitor and stem cells, hepatic progenitor and stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, hematopoietic stem cells, and peripheral blood and umbilical cord blood stem cells, have been found to be beneficial for treating of liver failure. Herein, I review the results of experimental and clinical cell transplantation trials for liver failure.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Development of the Esophagus and Stomach
    (2017-10-01) Esrefoglu, MUKADDES; Taslidere, ELİF; Cetin, Asli; EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES; TAŞLIDERE, ELİF
    Epithelial components of the organs of the digestive system are derived from the endoderm, whereas connective tissue and muscle components are derived from the mesoderm. At the 3rd-4th week of development, as a result of cephalocaudal and lateral foldings of the embryo, a portion of the endoderm-lined yolk sac cavity is incorporated in the embryo to form the primitive gut. Primitive gut is composed of four main regions: pharyngeal gut, foregut, midgut, and hindgut. The esophagus and stomach are derived from the foregut. The development of the esophagus is characterized by lengthening, widening, thickening, and histological changes. The development of the stomach is characterized by widening, thickening, and histological changes as well as positional changes. In the present study, we tried to review the morphological and functional development of the esophagus and stomach with the aid of pictures obtained from various stages of prenatal and postnatal development of the organs of rats. Previous reviews lack information on both histological and functional development of the organs.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Effect of caffeic acid phenethyl ester on bone formation in the expanded inter-premaxillary suture.
    (2015-12-21) KAZANCIOGLU, HO; AKSAKALLI, S; EZIRGANLI, S; BIRLIK, M; Esrefoglu, MUKADDES; ACAR, AH; EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES
    Background: Narrow maxilla is a common problem in orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics. To solve this problem, a procedure called rapid maxillary expansion (RME) has been used. However, relapse tendency is a major problem of RME. Although relapse tendency is not clearly understood, various treatment procedures and new applications have been investigated. The present study aimed to investigate the possible effectiveness of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) on new bone formation in rat midpalatal suture after RME. Materials and methods: Twenty male Sprague Dawley rats were used in this study. The animals were randomly divided into two groups as control and CAPE group. In the CAPE group, CAPE was administered systemically via intraperitoneal injection. RME procedure was performed on all animals. For this purpose, the springs were placed on the maxillary incisors of rats and activated for 5 days. After then, the springs were removed and replaced with short lengths of rectangular retaining wire for consolidation period of 15 days. At the end of the study, histomorphometric analysis was carried out to assess new bone formation. Results: New bone formation was significantly greater in the CAPE group than the control group (P<0.05). CAPE enhances new bone formation in midpalatal suture after RME. Conclusion: These results show that CAPE may decrease the time needed for retention.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Melatonin is effective in reducing stress-induced organ damage in Wistar albino rats
    (2014-01-01T00:00:00Z) Esrefoglu, MUKADDES; AKINCI, Aysin; Elbe, Hulya; TAŞLIDERE, ELİF; Cetin, Asli; ATEŞ, BURHAN; EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES; TAŞLIDERE, ELİF
    In the present study, we tried to investigate the effects of melatonin, a novel antioxidant and a potent free radical scavenger, in stress-induced cerebral, cerebellar, cardiac, and hepatic oxidative damage using microscopic and biochemical analysis. A total of 32 male Wistar albino rats were divided into control, stress, stress + saline, and stress + melatonin groups. The rats from the stress groups were exposed to high stress conditions of starvation, immobilization, and cold exposure. The rats from the stress + melatonin group received melatonin daily at 20 mg/kg body weight intraperitoneally for 7 days. At the end of the experiment, the brain, cerebellum, heart, and liver were rapidly removed. The main histopathological damage scores (MHDSs) of the stress and stress + saline groups were higher than those of control group for all of the organs. The MHDSs of melatonin-administered group were lower than those of stress and stress + saline groups. The main tissue superoxide dismutase activities of the stress + melatonin group were even higher than those of the control group in the cerebellum and liver, and main tissue catalase activities of the stress + melatonin group were even higher than those of control group in all of the organs. As a conclusion, we found melatonin very effective in reducing stress-induced organ damage by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and supporting the cellular antioxidant defense system.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Can Coenzyme Q10 supplementation protect the ovarian reserve against oxidative damage?
    (2016-09-01) OZCAN, PINAR; Ficicioglu, Cem; Kizilkale, Ozge; Yesiladali, Mert; Tok, OLGU ENİS; Ozkan, Ferda; Esrefoglu, MUKADDES; ÖZCAN, PINAR; TOK, OLGU ENİS; EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES
    Purpose: We investigated antioxidant effects of CoQ10 supplementation on the prevention of OS-induced ovarian damage and to evaluate the protective effect of such supplementation against OS-related DNA damage. Methods: Twenty-four adult female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups (8 rats per group): group 1 (control): saline, ip, and orally; group 2 (cisplatin group): cisplatin, 4.5 mg/kg ip, two times with an interval of 7 days; and group 3 (cisplatin + CoQ10 group): cisplatin, 4.5 mg/kg ip, two times with an interval of 7 days, and 24 h before cisplatin, 150 mg/kg/day orally in 1 mL of saline daily for 14 days. Serum concentrations of anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), number of AMH-positive follicles, the assessment of the intensity of 8'OHdG immunoreactivity, the primordial, antral and atretic follicle counts in the ovary were assessed. Result(s): The mean serum AMH concentrations were 1.3 ± 0.19, 0.16 ± 0.03, and 0.27 ± 0.20 ng/mL in groups 1, 2, and 3, respectively (p < 0.01). Serum AMH levels were significantly higher in group 1 compared to groups 2 and 3 (p < 0.01 and p = 0.01, respectively). There was a statistically significant difference in AMH-positive follicle count between the groups (p < 0.01). Group 1 showed higher numbers of AMH-positive granulosa cells compared to group 2 (p = 0.01). A significant difference was found in the primordial, the atretic, and antral follicle counts between the three groups (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, and p < 0.01, respectively). The atretic follicle count was significantly lower in the cisplatin plus CoQ10 group compared to the cisplatin group (p < 0.01). The antral follicle counts were significantly higher in the cisplatin plus CoQ10 group compared with the cisplatin group (p < 0.01). There was a statistically significant difference in the intensity of staining of the follicles that were positive for anti-8'OHdG between the groups (p = 0.02). Group 1 showed a significant lower intensity of staining of the follicles positive for anti-8'OHdG compared with group 2 (p = 0.03). Conclusion(s): CoQ10 supplementation may protect ovarian reserve by counteracting both mitochondrial ovarian ageing and physiological programmed ovarian ageing although the certain effect of OS in female infertility is not clearly known.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Melatonin is more effective than ascorbic acid and β-carotene in improvement of gastric mucosal damage induced by intensive stress.
    (2015-10-12) AKINCI, A; Esrefoglu, MUKADDES; CETIN, A; ATES, B; EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES
    Introduction: Oxidative stress has been considered to play a primary role in the pathogenesis of stress-induced gastric damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of melatonin, ascorbic acid and β-carotene on stress-induced gastric mucosal damage. Material and methods: Fifty-six male Wistar albino rats were divided into control, stress, stress + standard diet, stress + saline, stress + melatonin, stress + ascorbic acid and stress + β-carotene groups. The rats from stress groups were exposed to starvation, immobilization and cold by immobilizing for 8 h at +4°C following 72-hour food restriction. Following stress application, melatonin, ascorbic acid and β-carotene were administered for 7 days. Specimens of gastric tissue were prepared for microscopic and biochemical examinations. Results: Mean histopathological damage scores and mean tissue malondialdehyde levels were significantly decreased but mean tissue glutathione levels and glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities were increased in treatment groups vs. stress groups in general. Mean histopathological damage scores of the stress + Mel group was lower than those of stress + D, stress + S, stress + β-car (p < 0.05) and stress + Asc groups (p < 0.005). Additionally, mean tissue catalase activity of the stress + Mel group was higher than that of stress + S (p < 0.005), stress + D (p < 0.05) and stress + β-car groups (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Melatonin is more effective than ascorbic acid and β-carotene in improvement of gastric damage induced by intensive stress. We suggest that as well as the direct antioxidant and free radical scavenging potency of melatonin, its indirect effect via the brain-gut axis might account for its greater beneficial action against stress-induced gastric damage.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Oxidative stress and benefits of antioxidant agents in acute and chronic hepatitis.
    (2012-03-01) Esrefoglu, MUKADDES; EŞREFOĞLU, MUKADDES
    Context: Oxidative damage due to oxidative stress is the failure of the cell’s defense against the deleterious effects of harmful agents by means of its numerous autoprotective mechanisms. Oxidative stress is a key impairment induced by various conditions, including atherosclerosis, hypertension, ischemia-reperfusion, hepatitis, pancreatitis, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Evidence Acquisition: Oxidative stress is a common pathogenetic mechanism contributing to the initiation and progression of hepatic damage in cases of inflammatory liver disorders, including acute and chronic hepatitis. Antioxidant administration is a good therapeutic strategy for the treatment of hepatitis. Results: Our comprehensive review of the literature revealed that contradictory results have been obtained with many antioxidants and antioxidant agents. Conclusion: Since clinical studies to date have generally involved testing of the effects of antioxidant mixtures containing more than 2 antioxidants and also have been limited because of toxic effects of high doses of some antioxidants, antioxidant therapy for acute and chronic hepatitis needs further study.