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09 - Sanayi, Yenilikçilik ve Altyapı

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Sanayi, Yenilikçilik ve Altyapı Dayanıklı altyapılar tesis etmek, kapsayıcı ve sürdürülebilir sanayileşmeyi desteklemek ve yenilikçiliği güçlendirmek

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Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Global overview of health systems oversight and financing for kidney care
    (2018-02-01) Bello, Aminu K.; Alrukhaimi, Mona; Ashuntantang, Gloria E.; Bellorin-Font, Ezequiel; Gharbi, Mohammed Benghanem; Braam, Branko; Feehally, John; Harris, David C.; Jha, Vivekanand; Jindal, Kailash; Johnson, David W.; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar; Kazancioglu, RÜMEYZA; Kerr, Peter G.; Lunney, Meaghan; Olanrewaju, Timothy Olusegun; Osman, Mohamed A.; Perl, Jeffrey; Rashid, Harun Ur; Rateb, Ahmed; Rondeau, Eric; Sakajiki, Aminu Muhammad; Samimi, Arian; Sola, Laura; Tchokhonelidze, Irma; Wiebe, Natasha; Yang, Chih-Wei; Ye, Feng; Zemchenkov, Alexander; Zhao, Ming-hui; Levin, Adeera; KAZANCIOĞLU, RÜMEYZA
    Reliable governance and health financing are critical to the abilities of health systems in different countries to sustainably meet the health needs of their peoples, including those with kidney disease. A comprehensive understanding of existing systems and infrastructure is therefore necessary to globally identify gaps in kidney care and prioritize areas for improvement. This multinational, cross-sectional survey, conducted by the ISN as part of the Global Kidney Health Atlas, examined the oversight, financing, and perceived quality of infrastructure for kidney care across the world. Overall, 125 countries, comprising 93% of the world's population, responded to the entire survey, with 122 countries responding to questions pertaining to this domain. National oversight of kidney care was most common in high-income countries while individual hospital oversight was most common in low-income countries. Parts of Africa and the Middle East appeared to have no organized oversight system. The proportion of countries in which health care system coverage for people with kidney disease was publicly funded and free varied for AKI (56%), nondialysis chronic kidney disease (40%), dialysis (63%), and kidney transplantation (57%), but was much less common in lower income countries, particularly Africa and Southeast Asia, which relied more heavily on private funding with out-of-pocket expenses for patients. Early detection and management of kidney disease were least likely to be covered by funding models. The perceived quality of health infrastructure supporting AKI and chronic kidney disease care was rated poor to extremely poor in none of the high-income countries but was rated poor to extremely poor in over 40% of low-income countries, particularly Africa. This study demonstrated significant gaps in oversight, funding, and infrastructure supporting health services caring for patients with kidney disease, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Global capacity for clinical research in nephrology: a survey by the International Society of Nephrology
    (2018-02-01) Okpechi, Ikechi G.; Alrukhaimi, Mona; Ashuntantang, Gloria E.; Bellorin-Font, Ezequiel; Gharbi, Mohammed Benghanem; Braam, Branko; Feehally, John; Harris, David C.; Jha, Vivekanand; Jindal, Kailash; Johnson, David W.; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar; Kazancioglu, RÜMEYZA; Levin, Adeera; Lunney, Meaghan; Olanrewaju, Timothy Olusegun; Perkovic, Vlado; Perl, Jeffrey; Rashid, Harun Ur; Rondeau, Eric; Salako, Babatunde lawal; Samimi, Arian; Sola, Laura; Tchokhonelidze, Irma; Wiebe, Natasha; Yang, Chih-Wei; Ye, Feng; Zemchenkov, Alexander; Zhao, Ming-hui; Bello, Aminu K.; KAZANCIOĞLU, RÜMEYZA
    Due to the worldwide rising prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD), there is a need to develop strategies through well-designed clinical studies to guide decision making and improve delivery of care to CKD patients. A cross-sectional survey was conducted based on the International Society of Nephrology Global Kidney Health Atlas data. For this study, the survey assessed the capacity of various countries and world regions in participating in and conducting kidney research. Availability of national funding for clinical trials was low (27%, n = 31), with the lowest figures obtained from Africa (7%, n = 2) and South Asia (0%), whereas high-income countries in North America and Europe had the highest participation in clinical trials. Overall, formal training to conduct clinical trials was inadequate for physicians (46%, n = 53) and even lower for nonphysicians, research assistants, and associates in clinical trials (34%, n = 39). There was also diminished availability of workforce and funding to conduct observational cohort studies in nephrology, and participation in highly specialized transplant trials was low in many regions. Overall, the availability of infrastructure (bio-banking and facilities for storage of clinical trial medications) was low, and it was lowest in low-income and lower-middle-income countries. Ethics approval for study conduct was mandatory in 91% (n = 106) of countries and regions, and 62% (n = 66) were reported to have institutional committees. Challenges with obtaining timely approval for a study were reported in 53% (n = 61) of regions but the challenges were similar across these regions. A potential limitation is the possibility of over-reporting or under-reporting due to social desirability bias. This study highlights some of the major challenges for participating in and conducting kidney research and offers suggestions for improving global kidney research.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Global coverage of health information systems for kidney disease: availability, challenges, and opportunities for development
    (2018-02-01) See , Emily J.; Alrukhaimi , Mona; Ashuntantang, Gloria E.; Bello, Aminu K.; Bellorin-Font, Ezequiel; Gharbi, Mohammed Benghanem; Braam, Branko; Feehally, John; Harris, David C.; Jha, Vivekanand; Jindal, Kailash; Kalantar-Zadeh , Kamyar; Kazancioglu, RÜMEYZA; Levin, Adeera; Lunney, Meaghan; Okpechi, Ikechi G.; Olanrewaju , Timothy Olusegun; Osman, Mohamed A.; Perl, Jeffrey; Qarni, Bilal; Rashid, Harun Ur; Rateb, Ahmed; Rondeau, Eric; Samimi, Arian; Sikosana, Majid L. N.; Sola, Laura; Tchokhonelidze, Irma; Wiebe, Natasha; Yang, Chih-Wei; Ye, Feng; Zemchenkov, Alexander; Zhao, Ming-hui; Johnson, David W.; KAZANCIOĞLU, RÜMEYZA
    Development and planning of health care services requires robust health information systems to define the burden of disease, inform policy development, and identify opportunities to improve service provision. The global coverage of kidney disease health information systems has not been well reported, despite their potential to enhance care. As part of the Global Kidney Health Atlas, a cross-sectional survey conducted by the International Society of Nephrology, data were collected from 117 United Nations member states on the coverage and scope of kidney disease health information systems and surveillance practices. Dialysis and transplant registries were more common in high-income countries. Few countries reported having nondialysis chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury registries. Although 62% of countries overall could estimate their prevalence of chronic kidney disease, less than 24% of low-income countries had access to the same data. Almost all countries offered chronic kidney disease testing to patients with diabetes and hypertension, but few to high-risk ethnic groups. Two-thirds of countries were unable to determine their burden of acute kidney injury. Given the substantial heterogeneity in the availability of health information systems, especially in low-income countries and across nondialysis chronic kidney disease and acute kidney injury, a global framework for prioritizing development of these systems in areas of greatest need is warranted.
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Current status of health systems financing and oversight for end-stage kidney disease care: a cross-sectional global survey.
    (2021-07-09T00:00:00Z) Yeung, Emily; Bello, A K; Levin, Adeera; Lunney, Meaghan; Osman, Mohamed A; Ye, Feng; Ashuntantang, Gloria; Bellorin-Font, Ezequiel; Benghanem Gharbi, Mohammed; Davison, Sara; Ghnaimat, Mohammad; Harden, Paul; Jha, Vivekanand; Kalantar-Zadeh, Kamyar; Kerr, Peter; Klarenbach, Scott; Kovesdy, Csaba; Luyckx, Valerie; Neuen, Brendon; O'Donoghue, Donal; Ossareh, Shahrzad; Perl, Jeffrey; Ur Rashid, Harun; Rondeau, Eric; See, Emily; Saad, Syed; Sola, Laura; Tchokhonelidze, Irma; Tesar, Vladimir; Tungsanga, Kriang; Turan Kazancioglu, Rümeyza; Wang, Angela Yee-Moon; Wiebe, Natasha; Yang, Chih-Wei; Zemchenkov, Alexander; Zhao, Minhui; Jager, Kitty J; Caskey, Fergus; Perkovic, Vlado; Jindal, Kailash; Okpechi, Ikechi G; Tonelli, Marcello; Feehally, John; Harris, David Ch; Johnson, David; KAZANCIOĞLU, RÜMEYZA
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    PublicationOpen Access
    Increasing access to integrated ESKD care as part of universal health coverage
    (2019-04-01) Harris, David C. H.; DAVIES, Simon J.; Finkelstein, Fredric O.; JHA, Vivekanand; DONNER, Jo-Ann; ABRAHAM, Georgi; Bello, Aminu K.; CASKEY, Fergus J.; GARCIA GARCIA, Guillermo; HARDEN, Paul; KAZANCIOĞLU, RÜMEYZA TURAN; Hemmelgarn, Brenda; JOHNSON, David W.; LEVIN, Nathan W.; Luyckx, Valerie A.; MARTIN, Dominique E.; McCulloch, Mignon I.; MOOSA, Mohammed Rafique; O'Connell, Philip J.; Okpechi, Ikechi G.; PECOITS FILHO, Roberto; SHAH, Kamal D.; SOLA, Laura; Swanepoel, Charles; Tonelli, Marcello; TWAHIR, Ahmed; VAN BIESEN, Wim; VARGHESE, Cherian; Yang, Chih-Wei; ZUNIGA, Carlos; ABU ALFA, Ali K.; ALJUBORI, Harith M.; ALRUKHAIMI, Mona N.; ANDREOLI, Sharon P.; ASHUNTANTANG, Gloria; Bellorin-Font, Ezequiel; BERNIEH, Bassam; IBHAIS, Fuad M.; BLAKE, Peter G.; BROWN, Mark; BROWN, Edwina; BUNNAG, Sakarn; CHAN, Tak Mao; CHEN, Yuqing; CLAURE-DEL GRANADO, Rolando; CLAUS, Stefaan; COLLINS, Allan; COPPO, Rosanna; COUCHOUD, Cecile; CUETO-MANZANO, Alfonso; CULLIS, Brett; DOUTHAT, Walter; DREYER, Gavin; EIAM-ONG, Somchai; EKE, Felicia U.; Feehally, John; GHNAIMAT, Mohammad A.; LEONG, Bak; HASSAN, Mohamed H.; HOU, Fan Fan; JAGER, Kitty; KALANTAR-ZADEH, Kamyar; Levin, Adeera; LIEW, Adrian; McKnight, Marla; TADESSE, Yewondwassesn; Morton, Rachael L.; Muller, Elmi; Murtagh, Fliss E. M.; Naicker, Saraladevi; Nangaku, Masaomi; NIANG, Abdou; OBRADOR, Gregorio T.; OSSAREH, Shahrzad; Perl, Jeffrey; RAHMAN, Muhibur; RASHID, Harun Ur; RICHARDS, Marie; RONDEAU, Eric; SAHAY, Manisha; SALEH, Abdulkarim; SCHNEDITZ, Daniel; TCHOKHONELIDZE, Irma; TESAR, Vladimir; Trask, Michele; TUNGSANGA, Kriang; VACHHARAJANI, Tushar; WALKER, Rachael C.; WALKER, Robert; WERE, Anthony J. O.; YAO, Qiang; YEATES, Karen; YU, Xueqing; ZAKHAROVA, Elena; ZEMCHENKOV, Alexander; Turan Kazancıoğlu, Rümeyza; Zhao, Ming-Hui; KAZANCIOĞLU, RÜMEYZA
    The global nephrology community recognizes the need for a cohesive strategy to address the growing problem of end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). In March 2018, the International Society of Nephrology hosted a summit on integrated ESKD care, including 92 individuals from around the globe with diverse expertise and professional backgrounds. The attendees were from 41 countries, including 16 participants from 11 low- and lower-middle-income countries. The purpose was to develop a strategic plan to improve worldwide access to integrated ESKD care, by identifying and prioritizing key activities across 8 themes: (i) estimates of ESKD burden and treatment coverage, (ii) advocacy, (iii) education and training/workforce, (iv) financing/funding models, (v) ethics, (vi) dialysis, (vii) transplantation, and (viii) conservative care. Action plans with prioritized lists of goals, activities, and key deliverables, and an overarching performance framework were developed for each theme. Examples of these key deliverables include improved data availability, integration of core registry measures and analysis to inform development of health care policy; a framework for advocacy; improved and continued stakeholder engagement; improved workforce training; equitable, efficient, and cost-effective funding models; greater understanding and greater application of ethical principles in practice and policy; definition and application of standards for safe and sustainable dialysis treatment and a set of measurable quality parameters; and integration of dialysis, transplantation, and comprehensive conservative care as ESKD treatment options within the context of overall health priorities. Intended users of the action plans include clinicians, patients and their families, scientists, industry partners, government decision makers, and advocacy organizations. Implementation of this integrated and comprehensive plan is intended to improve quality and access to care and thereby reduce serious health-related suffering of adults and children affected by ESKD worldwide.