Non-Hodgkin lymphomas constitute 1% of gastrointestinal system tumors. Lymphomas can occur from the oral cavity to the rectum. Primary gastrointestinal lymphomas are most frequent in the stomach, followed by the small and ...

Trichobezoar is a mass found trapped in the gastrointestinal system formed from the ingestion of hair. They are mostly localized inside the stomach, and they can occasionally extend from the pylorus into the duodenum and ...

The two most common causes of short bowel syndrome in adults are Crohn-s disease and mesenteric ischemia. Mesenteric ischemia is more common in hemodialysis patients than in the normal population. Ileostomy is performed ...

Impacted tooth extraction is one of the most common operations in oral surgery. Although practitioners may encounter a variety of complications in the surgical period, mandibular fracture is rare and generally seen during ...

Mucous membrane plasmacytosis is a rare reactive process characterized by plasma cell infiltration of mucous membranes for unknown reasons. It may be confused with malignancy because of its exophytic structure and pavement ...

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common and progressive neurodegenerative disorders with dementia in the world. The precise causes of AD are not fully understood yet, although several important features of its ...

Panoramic radiographs are valuable and technically easy procedures in determining lesions and the other pathological conditions of the jaw. However, it should be recognized that there are obvious limitations in these films. ...

Ankylosing spondylitis is the axial skeleton and sacroiliac crick, starting in late adolescence or early adulthood age, and is characterized by spondyloarthropathy. Some symptoms are confused with diffuse idiopathic skeletal ...

Leflunomide has been reported to be associated with the development of peripheral neuropathy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. However, it is possible that this side effect has been underreported and underrecognized. ...

Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, located on the short (p) arm of chromosome 1 at position 36.3 (1p36.3), might be a ...