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16 - Barış, Adalet ve Güçlü Kurumlar

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Barış, Adalet ve Güçlü Kurumlar Sürdürülebilir kalkınma için barışçıl ve kapsayıcı toplumlar tesis etmek, herkes için adalete erişimi sağlamak ve her düzeyde etkili, hesap verebilir ve kapsayıcı kurumlar oluşturmak. Barış, istikrar, insan hakları ve hukukun üstünlüğüne dayalı etkin yönetim olmadan, sürdürülebilir kalkınma olmasını bekleyemeyiz. Gittikçe artan ölçüde bölünmüş bir dünyada yaşıyoruz. Bazı bölgelerde barış, güvenlik ve refah sürekli iken, diğer bazı bölgelerde ise bitmek bilmeyen çatışma ve şiddet sarmalı var. Ancak bu, hiçbir şekilde kaçınılmaz sonuç değildir ve mutlaka çözümlenmelidir.

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Has files: false × Start date: 2020 × End date: 2023 ×

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Now showing 1 - 10 of 75
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    Diagnostic value of electroencephalography inpatient patients: Effect on clinical decision-making Yatan hastalarda elektroensefalografinin tanısal değeri: Klinik karar verme üzerine etkisi
    (2020-01-01T00:00:00Z) İlgen Uslu, Ferda; Gökçal, Elif; USLU, FERDA; GÖKÇAL, ELİF
    © 2020, Istanbul Universitesi. All rights reserved.Objective: To evaluate the efficiency of electroencephalography (EEG) requested at the consul-tation. Methods: EEGs for which consultation was requested in one year were analyzed retrospectively. Neurology consultation notes, EEG forms, compliance with EEG findings were examined for each pa-tient. Demographic data, requested unit, pre-diagnosis, final diagnosis were recorded. EEG results were divided into 3 groups:1)normal, 2)EEG with epileptiform anomaly (EEG-EA),3)EEG with nonepilepti-form anomaly (EEG-NE). EEGs were also evaluated for their indications and contribution to diagnosis. Results: A total of 261 EEG recordings of 239 patients (133 men, average age 56.44 (18-90)) were examined. 30.5% of the registered patients had a history of neurological diseases. EEGs were requested from 36.4% intensive care units and emergency departments, 51.5% internal branches, 12.3% surgical branches. Preliminaries were seizures in 42.5%, alertness/encephalopathy in 17.2%, syncope in 5.7%, nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) in 10.3%. 55% of EEGs were considered nor-mal. 37.5% were in EEG-NE, 8.4% in EEG-EA. 91.6% of patients were imaged, 52.5% were pathological. Focal imaging pathology and EEG findings were compatible in 63% of patients with pathological EEG findings. EEG was pathological in 64.5% of the 127 patients requested with appropriate indications. 80% of EEG was thought not to contribute to the definitive diagnosis. Discussion: Male and advanced elderly people with neurological disease were preferred for EEG. Appropriate indication with a desired high probability of detection of pathological EEG. It is important that the doctor who evaluates the inpatient patient makes more careful decisions in terms of unneces-sary process, resource and time wasting.
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    Indirect Effect Of A Dentistry And Medical School Hospital Before And After Covid-19 On The Environment
    (2021-03-20T00:00:00Z) Ekinci, Esma; Armagan, Sara; KILIÇ, BANU
    Dünya Sağlık Örgütü (WHO)’ne göre küresel ısınma tüm dünyada insanların karşılaştığı ciddi sorunlardan biridir.(WHO 2011) Gelecek nesiller için dünyanın uzun bir süre daha var olması önem taşımaktadır. Dolayısıyla bir diş hekimi olarak çevre dostu bir yöntem kullanarak doğanın ko runmasına yönelik katkı sağlamak bizim sorumluluğumuzdur. Küresel ısınmanın en önemli sebeplerinden biri de çevresel kirliliktir. Yapılan çeşitli araştırmalara göre, diş hekimliğinin çevreye etkisi değerlendirilmiştir. Birleşik Krallık Ulusal Sağlık Sistemi (NHS)’ne göre karbon ayakizine en büyük katkıyı dental servislere yapılan giriş çıkışlar ve tedarik süreci oluşturmaktadır. Diş hekimliği klinikleri, diğer sağlık kuruluşlarına kıyasla daha az atık üretiyor olsa da, son on yılda dental atıklarda önemli bir artış gözlenmektedir. Çeşitli ülkelerde yapılan akademik araştırmalarda, Covid-19 sürecinden bağımsız olarak değerlendirilen kliniklerden esinlenerek Bezmialem Vakıf Üniversitesi Diş Hekimliği ve Tıp Fakültesi Hastanelerinde bir çalışma yapılmıştır. Bu çalışma, Covid-19 öncesi ve sonrası bir diş hekimliği ve tıp fakültesi hastanesinin kullandığı ve harcadığı materyallerin (2019-2020 yıllarının Haziran-Aralık ayları arasındaki dezen-fektan, sabun, kağıt, hasta sayısı, doğalgaz, elektrik ve geri dönüşüm atıkları) derlenmesiyle sağlık sektörünün karbon ayakizinin bu süreçte hangi yönlerde değişime uğradığını belirtmektedir. Matery-allerin belirlenen süreçlerdeki hem yıllık değişimi hem de hasta başına düşen birim değişimi dikkate alınmıştır. Sağlık sektöründeki bireyler olarak bu süreci nasıl değerlendirmiş olduğumuzu gösteren bu çalışma, gelecekte benzer pandemilerin yaşanması durumunda öngörülecek durumları ve dikkat edilmesi gereken noktaları göz önüne sermiştir
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    Inflammation, Frailty and Cardiovascular Disease
    (2020-01-01T00:00:00Z) SOYSAL, PINAR; Arik, Ferhat; Smith, Lee; Jackson, Sarah E.; IŞIK, AHMET TURAN; SOYSAL, PINAR
    Chronic inflammation, which is called -inflamm-aging-, is characterized by an increased level of inflammatory cytokines in response to physiological and environmental stressors, and causes the immune system to function consistently at a low level, even though it is not effective. Possible causes of inflammaging include genetic susceptibility, visceral obesity, changes in gut microbiota and permeability, chronic infections and cellular senescence. Inflammation has a role in the development of many age-related diseases, such as frailty. Low grade chronic inflammation can also increase the risk of atherosclerosis and insulin resistance which are the leading mechanisms in the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). As it is well known that the risk of CVD is higher in older people with frailty and the risk of frailty is higher in patients with CVD, there may be relationship between inflammation and the development of CVD and frailty. Therefore, this important issue will be discussed in this chapter.
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    Administration of rectal cytotec versus rectal buscopan before hysteroscopy
    (2020-06-01T00:00:00Z) GÖKMEN KARASU, AYŞE FİLİZ; AYDIN, SERDAR; ATEŞ, SEDA; TAKMAZ, TAHA; Comba, Cihan; GÖKMEN KARASU, AYŞE FİLİZ; AYDIN, SERDAR; ATEŞ, SEDA; TAKMAZ, TAHA
    Introduction:Our objective was to compare the effect of rectal misoprostol (Cytotec) versus rectal hyoscine-n-butyl bromide (Buscopan) on patients undergoing hysteroscopy. We hypothesised that HBB may have a role in cervical priming. Material and methods:This trial was conducted at Bezmialem Vakif University Hospital. Women of reproductive age between 18-50 years who were scheduled for operative hysteroscopy indicated by type 1 submucous myoma or endometrial polyps were recruited for the study. Ninety patients were divided randomly into three groups. Group 1 received placebo treatment. Group 2 received rectal 200 mcg misoprostol and Group 3 received rectal 20 mg hyoscine-n-butyl bromide two hours before the procedure. Procedures were performed using a bipolar 26 F (9 mm) continuous-flow rigid resectoscope with a 30 degrees lens. The outcome measures included cervical dilation width and time, ease of cervical dilation, procedure time and operative complications. Postoperative self-rated pain was assessed one hour after the procedure. Results:Thirteen patients (43. 3%) in the placebo treatment group, 11 patients (36.7%) in the misoprostol group and four patients (13.3%) in the hyoscine-n-butyl bromide group needed analgesics postoperatively (p = .02). The mean duration of cervical dilation time was longest in Group 1 and shortest in Group 3, however this difference did not reach statistical significance (p=.11). There was no difference with regard to other studied parameters. Summary:HBB reduced the need for pain medication compared to placebo. Larger studies are needed to further investigate the role of HBB in facilitating pre-operative cervical priming.
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    Are Students Using Pharmacological Cognitive Enhancement More Successful?
    (2021-09-08T00:00:00Z) Sümbül Şekerci, Betül; Bektay, Muhammed Yunus; Bildik, Özlem; İzzettin, Fikret Vehbi; SÜMBÜL ŞEKERCİ, BETÜL; BEKTAY, MUHAMMED YUNUS; BİLDİK, ÖZLEM; İZZETTİN, FIKRET VEHBI
    Introduction: The use of psychostimulant drugs to increase academic success is common among young people, especially medical students. However, the effect of psychostimulants on academic success not clear in the current literature. Materials and Methods: A structured online survey was carried out with 431 undergraduate students in different faculties of Medicine in Turkey. Comparisons between groups, correlation and regression analysis about associated variables were made. The academic performance of the students was evaluated with grade point average (GPA) score. Also, academic success, academic anxiety, study performance, sleep quality and pharmacological knowledge levels were questioned with the scale based on self-evaluations. Results: 23 (5.4%) healthy students reported using psychostimulants to improve academic success. There was no significant difference in age, gender, semester, objective (GPA score) and subjective (self-report) assessment of success between users and non-users. But most of the users evaluated that the psychostimulants are useful. Smoking and increased knowledge level of pharmacology are risk factors for psychostimulant use. Conclusion: We could not find a relationship between academic success and pharmacological cognitive enhancement. Psychostimulant use had an positive effect on self-assessment of students. It can support the hypothesis that the psychostimulants has a motivational contribution rather than a purely pharmacological effect. The relationship of psychostimulants with alcohol and smoking should be examined in detail, and users should be questioned in terms of susceptibility to risky behaviors and addiction.
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    Total colpocleisis technique in huge neglected ulcerated uterovaginal prolapse
    (2020-06-01T00:00:00Z) AYDIN, SERDAR; Gorchiyeva, Irana; TANOĞLU, FATMA BAŞAK; AYDIN, SERDAR; TANOĞLU, FATMA BAŞAK
    Introduction and hypothesis We present a video describing the technical considerations for performing a total colpocleisis in the management of significant, neglected, ulcerated, and symptomatic complete uterovaginal prolapse. Methods A 79-year-old debilitated woman presented with a large, ulcerated pelvic bulge. A previous attempt at pessary treatment failed because of a disproportion of the pessary with the prolapse size. She had a history of liver insufficiency and hypertension. Obliterative colpocleisis surgery was selected because the healing of a large ulcerated vagina was not likely within a short timeframe. Sharp dissection with scissors and de-epithelialisation of the remaining non-eroded vaginal mucosa with the friction of a sharp-edged surgical knife were performed. Closely located purse strings were used to obliterate potential spaces. Two mirror image triangles in the anterior and posterior vaginal walls were removed. After the formation of a new perineal body, the diamond-shaped vaginal incision was closed vertically to narrow introitus. Results The patient was discharged on the first postoperative day and an uncomplicated postoperative course ensued. At the 4-week follow-up, there was no evidence of infection, recurrent prolapse, de novo stress incontinence, or voiding with difficulty. Conclusions Total colpocleisis is an excellent surgical option in women with multiple, large cervicovaginal ulcers and multiple comorbidities with no desire for penetrative vaginal function.
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    A Basic Algorithmic Surgical Approach for Nicolau Syndrome
    (2020-04-01T00:00:00Z) Yeniocak, Ali; Güneren, Ethem; Özkan, Mustafa; Temel, Metin; Kelahmetoğlu, Osman; YENİOCAK, ALİ; GÜNEREN, ETHEM; KELAHMETOĞLU, OSMAN
    Background: Nicolau syndrome (NS) is a rare complication that develops after the administration of intramuscular diclofenac sodium. The etiology and surgical treatments of 11 patients with NS were evaluated and studies in the literature were examined. The aim of this study was to compose a basic algorithm for surgical approaches to treat NS. Materials and methods: Eleven patients were evaluated for NS between December 2013 and January 2018. Two patients did not accept treatment, and nine patients underwent surgical debridement of necrotic tissues. The tissue defects of five patients were closed with a fasciocutaneous flap and, in four patients, the defects were repaired primarily. Results: No complications, such as wound infection, wound dehiscence, seroma, or flap necrosis, were encountered. Of the seven patients who received concurrent antibiotic therapy, no patient had any problems at their follow-up (2-30 months). The results were satisfactory from an aesthetic and functional point of view. Conclusion: NS was more frequent in women with a high body mass index and high fat in gluteal regions. We considered that any kind of medication could lead to NS. Different methods are discussed for treatment.
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    Short and middle-term outcomes of vaginally assisted laparoscopic sacropolpopexy.
    (2020-12-07T00:00:00Z) Gökmen Karasu, Ayşe Filiz; Aydın, Serdar; Ateş, SEDA; Arıoğlu, Çağrı; ATEŞ, SEDA; GÖKMEN KARASU, AYŞE FİLİZ
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    Evaluation of Nursing Students- Medical Waste Knowledge Level
    (2021-09-01T00:00:00Z) Toluk, Özlem; Özdemir, Aysel; Şahin, İbrahim; Yıldız, Sinem; Erkul, Şeyma Nur; Ercan, İlker; TOLUK, ÖZLEM
    Aim: Failure to properly manage medical waste potentially exposes healthcare professionals, waste handlers, patients, and the general public to risks such as infection, toxic effects, injuries, and environmental pollution. The study was planned in a descriptive cross-sectional type and it was aimed to evaluate the medical waste knowledge levels of nursing students.Methods: The sample consisted of 100 nursing students studying in the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, and 4th grades of a state university. The Kuder Richardson 20 coefficient was found to be 0.744 by collecting data based on the self-reports of the participants with the questionnaire created by the researchers in the study. The level of significance is taken α=0.05. Categorical variables were analyzed with the Chi-Square test, Fisher-s exact Chi-square test, and Fisher Freeman Halton test.Results: In our study, 70 (70.00%) people take a course on medical waste, 6 (6.00%) people work in any health institution. It was found that the rate at which medical waste bags should be filled and the evaluation of expired or unused drugs as pharmaceutical waste was statistically significant according to gender (p = 0.028, and p = 0.047).Conclusion: As nursing students take lectures or courses on medical waste, and their grade levels rise, their knowledge of medical waste increases. Based on the results of our study, increasing medical waste education is of great importance in terms of public health, personnel health, and environmental health.
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