Bezmialem Science

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Open Access
Inferior Phrenic Arteries Originating from the Celiac Artery with a Common Trunk
(2013-01-01) ARİFOĞLU, YASİN; Yıldırım, Mehmet; Balcıoğlu, Hüseyin
The inferior phrenica artery (IPA), which arises from the abdominal aorta just distal to the aortic hiatus, may arise from different sites. Although comprehensive analyses of the IPA are described in other populations, the rates of the variations of the origins are not well elucidated in Turkish people. In this study, we report IPA arising as a common trunk from the abdominal aorta. This finding in a 52 year old male cadaver was noticed during a routine dissection for students in the 2010-2011 academic year. We believe this report is a valuable contribution to the literature on variation of the phrenic arteries and is of interest to clinicans in the surgical and interventional radiological procedures of the adrenal glands, spleen, liver and stomach as well as to the educators of anatomy.
Open Access
A Case of Neglected Patella Dislocation Related to Tibial Plateau Fracture
(2013-12-01T00:00:00Z) Elmadag, Mehmet; Ceylan, Hasan Huseyin; BIlsel, Kerem; Acar, Mehmet Ali; ELMADAĞ, NUH MEHMET; BİLSEL, İSMAIL KEREM
Acute dislocation of the patella is a common orthopaedic emergency. The dislocated patella commonly reduces spontaneously or is reduced by a physician as an emergency. Rarely, open reduction is needed. Osteochondral fragments that detach from the patella or medial femoral condyle might interfere with patellar reduction, and sometimes osteophytes can interfere with reduction. Therefore, arthroscopic or, rarely, open reduction can be necessary. We present an unusual case of a locked knee related to a tibial plateau fracture. An osteochondral fragment that originated from the tibial plateau inhibited reduction of the patella. Such a fracture related to permanent patella dislocation has not previously been reported.
Open Access
Effect of Dexamethasone in Mediating Oxidative Stress Induced by Sodium Nitroprusside on Frog Sciatic Nerve Action Potentials
(2013-12-01T00:00:00Z) Aksu, Ugur; Atukeren, Pinar; Terzioglu, Duygu; BELCE, Ahmet; DEMİRCİ TANSEL, Cihan; BELCE, AHMET
Objective: High concentrations of nitric oxide cause a neurotoxic effect on nerve action potentials. Although glucocorticoids can decrease that effect, the degree of mediation is not known. This study determined the effect of dexamethasone on frog sciatic nerve axon fibers subjected to in vitro oxidative stress.
Open Access
The Prevalence of Impacted Premolars in the Anatolian Population
(2013-12-01T00:00:00Z) Ezirganli, Seref; KIRTAY, MUSTAFA; Ozer, Koray; Un, Emin Celalettin; Kosger, Hasan Huseyin; Kazancioglu, Hakki Oguz
Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of impacted premolars and the associated pathology of these teeth in the Anatolian population. Methods: This retrospective cohort study was composed of 10246 panoramic radiographs of patients (6074 females, 4172 males) between 2000 and 2011. We reviewed the panoramic radiographs and clinical data and determined the prevalence of impacted premolars to be associated with sex, age, and number of premolars. We investigated the associated pathology and approach of treatment. Results: A total of 83 patients (43 females, 40 males; mean age 23.42±11.18 years, range 12 to 69) had 101 impacted permanent premolars that were either mesioangular (n=47, 46.54%), vertical (n=32, 31.68%9), distoangular (n=14, 13.86%), horizontal (n=6, 5.94%), and/or buccolingual (n=2, 1.98%). Premolar transmigration was absent. Of these premolars, 7 (6.93%) were associated with cystic lesions. In this study, 61.39% of impacted premolars were extracted; 39 (38.61%) were followed up. Conclusion: The prevalence of impacted premolars in the Anatolian population was determined to be 0.98%. Although premolar impaction is infrequent, early diagnosis is important because most of the cases (93.07%) are asymptomatic.
Open Access
The Role of Beta-3-Adrenoceptors in Autonomic Nervous System
(2013-12-01T00:00:00Z) Aksu, Ugur; BELCE, Ahmet; DEMİRCİ TANSEL, Cihan; BELCE, AHMET
Catecholamines play a regulatory role in the cardiovascular system, primarily via beta (1-2)-adrenoreceptors (AR). However, in the late 1980s, the cloning of a third beta-AR subtype (beta 3-AR) in the heart has altered the conventional view on the regulation of heart function via the betaadrenergic receptors. Additionally, in blood vessels, beta 3-AR was shown to produce relaxation. Currently, the physiological role of beta 3-AR is not clearly known. Hence, the purpose of this review is to summarize the physiological evidences supporting the functional roles of beta 3-AR in various tissues, particularly cardiac and vascular. In addition, this review discusses the potential role of beta 3-AR in obesity and insulin resistance and emphasizes their putative involvement as new therapeutic targets.
Open Access
Lamiaceae Family Plants as a Potential Anticholinesterase Source in the Treatment of Alzheimer’s Disease
(2014-02-01) TOPÇU, GÜLAÇTI; KUŞMAN, TUBA; TOPÇU, GÜLAÇTI; KUŞMAN, TUBA
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the most common and progressive neurodegenerative disorders with dementia in the world. The precise causes of AD are not fully understood yet, although several important features of its pathophysiology are well described. Current AD treatment is symptomatic and is mainly, but not exclusively, focused on the inhibition of cholinesterases (ChEs). There are four cholinesterase inhibitors approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): tacrine, donepezil, rivastigmine, and galantamine. Among them, galantamine is a natural drug, and rivastigmine is a derivative of the natural drug physostigmine. In addition, only an NMDA (N-methyl- D-aspartate) receptor antagonist, memantine, is also approved by the FDA in the treatment of patients with moderate to severe AD. However, none of them provides a satisfactory treatment for Alzheimer’s disease, and studies are still going on to find new potential drugs from both synthetic chemicals and natural sources. In this review, studies on the discovery of new cholinesterase inhibitors from natural sources, particularly from Lamiaceae family plants were evaluated, and a number of terpenoids and phenolics/flavonoids isolated are presented as potential drugs in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
Open Access
Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis Interfering with Ankylosing Spondylitis: A Case Report
(2014-03-01T00:00:00Z) Taspinar, Ozgur; Aydin, Teoman; Kepekci, Muge; Peru, Celaleddin; Seyithanoglu, Hakan; AYDIN, TEOMAN; SEYİTHANOĞLU, MEHMET HAKAN
Ankylosing spondylitis is the axial skeleton and sacroiliac crick, starting in late adolescence or early adulthood age, and is characterized by spondyloarthropathy. Some symptoms are confused with diffuse idiopathic skeletal hyperostosis. Our case had neck, back, waist, and heel pain and morning stiffness lasting about half an hour and was admitted with complaints. Lateral lumbar spine radiographs taken at the corners of the lumbar vertebral bodies compatible with DISH consecutive osteophytes were detected, and radiography of the calcaneus of the lateral foot showed hyperostosis compatible with DISH. However, the patient was diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis because of a bilateral crick in the sacroiliac radiography. In this case-a differential diagnosis between DISH and ankylosing spondylitis-clinical and radiological features were assessed by reviewing the literature.
Open Access
Approach to Trichobezoar Cases in Children: Literature Review
(2014-03-01T00:00:00Z) Kilincaslan, Huseyin; AYDOĞDU, İbrahim; Kucukkoc, Mehmet; Osmanoglu, Nurcan Keskin; Karacanoglu, Dilek; AYDOĞDU, İBRAHİM
Trichobezoar is a mass found trapped in the gastrointestinal system formed from the ingestion of hair. They are mostly localized inside the stomach, and they can occasionally extend from the pylorus into the duodenum and small intestines. At the same time, they are almost always associated with trichotillomania, trichophagia, and other psychiatric diseases. Trichobezoar can be easily confused with other diseases characterized by abdominal pain and vomiting. Removal of the mass with laparotomic, laparoscopic, and endoscopic interventions is an available treatment approach. Among them, the laparotomic approach is the most effective treatment modality. Herein, we present a case and reviewed the literature from a general outlook in order to emphasize current, updated approaches to the pediatric cases with trichobezoar.
Open Access
Statin and MTHFR C677T Polymorphism in Patients with Cardiovascular Diseases
(2014-03-01T00:00:00Z) Izmirli, Muzeyyen; BACAKSIZ, AHMET; ALPTEKİN, DAVUT; UYSAL, ÖMER; Kilic, Ulkan; BACAKSIZ, AHMET; UYSAL, ÖMER
Objective: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. The methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, located on the short (p) arm of chromosome 1 at position 36.3 (1p36.3), might be a possible risk factor for the pharmacogenetics in CVD. A common polymorphism in MTHFR (C677T, Ala -> Val) decreases this enzyme activity and increases the homocysteine concentrations, predisposing one to heart disease. Alternatively, statins, cholesterol-reducing agents, are also used to reduce the homocysteine blood concentrations; the aim of the present study was to evaluate how the genotype frequencies of the MTHFR C677T polymorphism, namely rs1801133, change in the cardiovascular system in patients treated with statin.
Open Access
The Effect of Risk Factors on Quality of Life in Childhood Asthma
(2014-03-01T00:00:00Z) ÖZKAYA, EMİN; Sancar, Ozgur; Dundaroz, Mehmet Rusen; ÖZKAYA, EMİN
Objective: This study was conducted to assess the Quality of Turkish children with asthma and its associated risk factors by using the PAQLQ (Pediatric Asthma Quality Of Life Questionnaire).
Open Access
Pulp Diagnostic Tests
(2014-06-01T00:00:00Z) Kara Tuncer, Aysun; Kayatas, Mzeyyen; Tuncer, Safa
Pulp diagnostic tests evaluate the neuropsychological status and blood flow of the pulp. These tests can be used in conjunction with other clinical tests, such as periodontal probing, percussion, palpation, mobility, and anesthesia, during diagnostic tests. In clinical practice, it is important to determine the pulp condition in deciding the correct treatment to be applied. The aim of this review is to provide information about the pulp diagnostic tests that are used in dental practice and to generalize the correct use of these tests.
Open Access
Leflunomide-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy in a Patient with Rheumatoid Arthritis
(2014-06-01T00:00:00Z) Eroglu Demir, Saliha; Gumussu, Kevser; Poyraz, Emine; Aytekin, Ebru; Guler, Mustafa
Leflunomide has been reported to be associated with the development of peripheral neuropathy in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. However, it is possible that this side effect has been underreported and underrecognized. We reported a case of leflunomide-induced peripheral neuropathy with the aim of raising awareness of this side effect. It was reported that cessation of leflunomide within 30 days of the arising symptoms enhances the likelihood of improvement or complete recovery. We should be aware of the possibility of peripheral neuropathy in patients using leflunomide. Early detection of symptoms and drug discontinuation may permit recovery.
Open Access
Sodium and Fluid Replacement in a Chronic Renal Failure Patient after Ileostomy
(2014-06-01T00:00:00Z) Ekinci, Iskender; Alay, Murat; Erkoc, Reha; Kazancioglu, Rmeyza
The two most common causes of short bowel syndrome in adults are Crohn-s disease and mesenteric ischemia. Mesenteric ischemia is more common in hemodialysis patients than in the normal population. Ileostomy is performed after bowel resection in most mesenteric ischemia patients. Ileostomy patients lose an excessive amount of water and sodium. Sodium and fluid replacement is described in a chronic renal failure patient with ileostomy.
Open Access
The Attitudes and Behaviors of Pregnant Women about Labor Anesthesia
(2014-06-01T00:00:00Z) BAŞARANOĞLU, Gökçen; Idin, Kadir; Batmaz, Gonca; Topuz, Ufuk; UYSAL, HARUN; SALİHOĞLU, Ziya; BAŞARANOĞLU, GÖKÇEN; UYSAL, HARUN
Objective: The aim of this study is to analyze pregnant women’s knowledge, attitude, and behavior toward labor analgesia. Methods: Between March 2011 and December 2011, 533 pregnant women who visited an antenatal clinic were administered a survey that measured their attitude, behavior, and knowledge about labor analgesia. Results: There was no difference between age, pregnancy week, and desire for labor analgesia, but there was a significant difference between the number of pregnancies and desire for labor analgesia. Women who did not want labor analgesia had more pregnancies, births, and children and a large household. Women who desired labor analgesia had an occupation (64%); 31% of pregnant women who did not want labor analgesia considered it unnecessary; 13% thought it would be harmful to the baby, herself, or the birth process; 2% found it expensive; 16% feared it; and 0.5% found it contradictory to religious beliefs. Conclusion: Although no prior information was given to the pregnant women who attended the survey, the number of births and education level affected the labor analgesia desire. If labor analgesia is emphasized in formal and common education, this might increase the request for it.
Open Access
A Rare Case: Mucous Membrane Plasmacytosis in the Larynx
(2014-07-01) BÜYÜKPINARBAŞILI, NUR; ÇOBAN, GANİME; GÜCİN, ZÜHAL; Meriç, Ayşenur; BÜYÜKPINARBAŞILI, NUR; ÇOBAN, GANİME; GÜCİN, ZÜHAL
Mucous membrane plasmacytosis is a rare reactive process characterized by plasma cell infiltration of mucous membranes for unknown reasons. It may be confused with malignancy because of its exophytic structure and pavement appereances. A laryngeal polypoid lesion was sent to the pathology department, clinically called fibroma, and presented to emphasize the diagnostic and differential diagnostic criteria.
Open Access
Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma Transformed from MALT Lymphoma Presented by Acute Abdomen
(2014-08-01) KARATOPRAK, CUMALİ; CIKRIKCIOGLU, M; KISKAÇ, MUHARREM; ÇETİN, GÜVEN; KARATOPRAK, CUMALİ; KISKAÇ, MUHARREM
Non-Hodgkin lymphomas constitute 1% of gastrointestinal system tumors. Lymphomas can occur from the oral cavity to the rectum. Primary gastrointestinal lymphomas are most frequent in the stomach, followed by the small and large intestines. Here, we report a 41-year-old male patient who had been under chemotherapy following a diagnosis of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma transformed from MALT lymphoma and discuss new treatment options. He presented to us with an acute abdomen. To our knowledge, this was the first case in the literature that presented with acute abdomen and was diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma that transformed from MALT lymphoma. In addition, for the treatment, we want to draw attention to the importance of surgery, in addition to chemotherapy.
Open Access
Limitations of Panoramic Radiographs: Report of Two Cases
(2014-09-01T00:00:00Z) Demirtas, Nihat; Mihmanli, Ahmet; Aytugar, Emre; BAYER, SUZAN; BAYER, SUZAN
Panoramic radiographs are valuable and technically easy procedures in determining lesions and the other pathological conditions of the jaw. However, it should be recognized that there are obvious limitations in these films. These limitations include distortions, magnifications, and difficulties in identifying the relationship of the lesions with vital structures.
Open Access
Anesthesia Management of a Parturient with Generalized Psoriasis Who Underwent Planned Cesarean Section
(2014-09-01T00:00:00Z) Basaranoglu, Gokeen; Umutoglu, Tarik; Bakan, Mefkur; Topuz, Ufuk; Idin, Kadir; SALİHOĞLU, Ziya
Psoriasis is the most common chronic and inflammatory skin disease. The anesthetic approach may be regional or general. In this case, we described the anesthetic management of a parturient with generalized psoriasis who underwent a planned cesarean section.
Open Access
Fracture of the Mandibular Ramus During Third Molar Removal: Case Report
(2014-12-01T00:00:00Z) Mihmanli, Ahmet; BAYER, SUZAN; Demirtas, Nihat; Kazancioglu, Hakki Oguz; BAYER, SUZAN
Impacted tooth extraction is one of the most common operations in oral surgery. Although practitioners may encounter a variety of complications in the surgical period, mandibular fracture is rare and generally seen during third molar removal. It is reported that possible predisposing conditions include increased age, mandibular atrophy, concurrent presence of cyst or tumor, and osteoporosis. The detection of jaw fractures occurring in tooth extraction may be difficult. Moreover, treatment should be done immediately.
Open Access
Immunoexpression of TTF-1 in Non-Lung Tumors
(2014-12-01T00:00:00Z) TOSUNER, ZEYNEP; ARICI, Dilek Sema; GÜCİN, ZÜHAL; BÜYÜKPINARBAŞILI, NUR; SÖNMEZ, FATMA CAVİDE; YILDIZ, PELİN; TOSUNER, ZEYNEP; ARICI, DILEK SEMA; GÜCİN, ZÜHAL; BÜYÜKPINARBAŞILI, NUR; SÖNMEZ, FATMA CAVİDE; YILDIZ, PELİN
Objective: Thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) immunoexpression is frequently determined in small-cell lung carcinomas, as well as primary lung adenocarcinomas. While dealing with metastatic carcinomas, TTF-1 immunoexpression is a significant indicator of primary lung carcinomas. Recent studies have revealed that TTF-1 immunoexpression is also defined in non-lung cancers, such as squamous cell carcinomas of different sites and certain neuroendocrine tumors. The verified data obtained from these studies indicate that a straightforward diagnosis of primary lung carcinoma in cases with positive TTF-1 immunoexpression can cause diagnostic contradictions. The aim of our study is to investigate the immunoexpression status of TTF-1 in common non-lung tumors. Methods: A total of 85 cases that were diagnosed in our institute between the years 2011-2012 were included in our study. After a review of the pathological slides prepared from these tumors [colon adenocarcinoma (n: 15), renal cell carcinoma (n: 15), prostate adenocarcinoma (n: 15), invasive papillary urothelial carcinoma (n: 15), invasive ductal carcinoma of breast (n: 15), and neuroendocrine tumors (n: 10)] TTF-1 immunohistochemistry was applied. Semiquantative evaluation based on the distribution and intensity of the staining was performed by two pathologists, respectively. Results: Positive immunostaining was evident in only 1 case of colon adenocarcinoma out of 85 cases. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that TTF-1 immunoexpression is a very rare finding (1%) in non-lung tumors. This result provides that anti-TTF-1 is a reliable antibody in the interpretation of primary lung carcinomas. In fact, further studies with a large number of cases are needed to confirm the sensitivity and specificity of TTF-1.